Chandni A P, Suchitra Vattapparambil Chandran, Binitha N. Narayanan
{"title":"一种环境可持续的超声波辅助剥离石墨烯及其与聚苯胺的纳米复合方法,用于超级电容器。","authors":"Chandni A P, Suchitra Vattapparambil Chandran, Binitha N. Narayanan","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107482","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, a green high-yielding method for the preparation of graphene is introduced via ultrasonic-assisted liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of graphite in a green solvent medium, since the common preparation method of graphene via graphite oxide is hazardous. A high concentration of 3.2 mg/ml graphene is achieved here in a comparatively short duration of 3 h ultrasonication. By using a mixed solvents strategy (acetophenone and isopropyl alcohol, 1:19 V/V), surface energy requirements needed for the exfoliation of graphite are satisfied here with acetophenone, where isopropyl alcohol further facilitated the exfoliation via non-conventional CH-π and OH-π interactions. Turbostratic graphene in high-yield (16 %) in a simple means of ultrasonic assisted LPE is the added attraction of the present procedure. The less-defective structure of graphene, its few-layered turbostratic nature, and edge functionalization of the sheets are evident from the material characterization via Raman spectroscopy, XRD, TEM-SAED, and XPS analyses. Here, we report a combination of the attractive conducting polymer polyaniline (PANI) with the as-prepared graphene for supercapacitor applications, where the PANI/graphene nanocomposites with different aniline concentrations (PANI1.125/G, PANI4.5/G, and PANI9/G) have been prepared via in-situ polymerization of aniline in the graphene dispersion. The structure and morphology of the nanocomposites are investigated using different characterization techniques which revealed that the molecular structure of the PANI is retained in the nanocomposites even with a strong interaction with graphene. FESEM and TEM images revealed the good coverage of graphene sheets with PANI that limit the volume change of PANI during the repeated charge-discharge processes. Electrochemical studies showed that PANI4.5/G has the highest specific capacitance of 126.16 mF/cm<sup>2</sup> at a current density of 1 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, resulting from the perfect combination of the pseudocapacitance behavior of the PANI along with the electrical double layer capacitance of graphene. A symmetric supercapacitor device is also fabricated with PANI4.5/G, which showed the highest areal capacitance of 116.38 mF/cm<sup>2</sup> similar to that with three-electrode studies and also good cycling stability with 87 % capacitance retention in the specific capacitance after 6000 cycles. It also exhibited an energy density of 16 µWh/cm<sup>2</sup> (0.29 Wh/kg) and a power density of 3.99 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> (72.72 W/kg).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 107482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"An environmentally sustainable ultrasonic-assisted exfoliation approach to graphene and its nanocompositing with polyaniline for supercapacitor applications\",\"authors\":\"Chandni A P, Suchitra Vattapparambil Chandran, Binitha N. Narayanan\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107482\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>In the present work, a green high-yielding method for the preparation of graphene is introduced via ultrasonic-assisted liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of graphite in a green solvent medium, since the common preparation method of graphene via graphite oxide is hazardous. A high concentration of 3.2 mg/ml graphene is achieved here in a comparatively short duration of 3 h ultrasonication. By using a mixed solvents strategy (acetophenone and isopropyl alcohol, 1:19 V/V), surface energy requirements needed for the exfoliation of graphite are satisfied here with acetophenone, where isopropyl alcohol further facilitated the exfoliation via non-conventional CH-π and OH-π interactions. Turbostratic graphene in high-yield (16 %) in a simple means of ultrasonic assisted LPE is the added attraction of the present procedure. The less-defective structure of graphene, its few-layered turbostratic nature, and edge functionalization of the sheets are evident from the material characterization via Raman spectroscopy, XRD, TEM-SAED, and XPS analyses. Here, we report a combination of the attractive conducting polymer polyaniline (PANI) with the as-prepared graphene for supercapacitor applications, where the PANI/graphene nanocomposites with different aniline concentrations (PANI1.125/G, PANI4.5/G, and PANI9/G) have been prepared via in-situ polymerization of aniline in the graphene dispersion. The structure and morphology of the nanocomposites are investigated using different characterization techniques which revealed that the molecular structure of the PANI is retained in the nanocomposites even with a strong interaction with graphene. FESEM and TEM images revealed the good coverage of graphene sheets with PANI that limit the volume change of PANI during the repeated charge-discharge processes. Electrochemical studies showed that PANI4.5/G has the highest specific capacitance of 126.16 mF/cm<sup>2</sup> at a current density of 1 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, resulting from the perfect combination of the pseudocapacitance behavior of the PANI along with the electrical double layer capacitance of graphene. A symmetric supercapacitor device is also fabricated with PANI4.5/G, which showed the highest areal capacitance of 116.38 mF/cm<sup>2</sup> similar to that with three-electrode studies and also good cycling stability with 87 % capacitance retention in the specific capacitance after 6000 cycles. 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An environmentally sustainable ultrasonic-assisted exfoliation approach to graphene and its nanocompositing with polyaniline for supercapacitor applications
In the present work, a green high-yielding method for the preparation of graphene is introduced via ultrasonic-assisted liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of graphite in a green solvent medium, since the common preparation method of graphene via graphite oxide is hazardous. A high concentration of 3.2 mg/ml graphene is achieved here in a comparatively short duration of 3 h ultrasonication. By using a mixed solvents strategy (acetophenone and isopropyl alcohol, 1:19 V/V), surface energy requirements needed for the exfoliation of graphite are satisfied here with acetophenone, where isopropyl alcohol further facilitated the exfoliation via non-conventional CH-π and OH-π interactions. Turbostratic graphene in high-yield (16 %) in a simple means of ultrasonic assisted LPE is the added attraction of the present procedure. The less-defective structure of graphene, its few-layered turbostratic nature, and edge functionalization of the sheets are evident from the material characterization via Raman spectroscopy, XRD, TEM-SAED, and XPS analyses. Here, we report a combination of the attractive conducting polymer polyaniline (PANI) with the as-prepared graphene for supercapacitor applications, where the PANI/graphene nanocomposites with different aniline concentrations (PANI1.125/G, PANI4.5/G, and PANI9/G) have been prepared via in-situ polymerization of aniline in the graphene dispersion. The structure and morphology of the nanocomposites are investigated using different characterization techniques which revealed that the molecular structure of the PANI is retained in the nanocomposites even with a strong interaction with graphene. FESEM and TEM images revealed the good coverage of graphene sheets with PANI that limit the volume change of PANI during the repeated charge-discharge processes. Electrochemical studies showed that PANI4.5/G has the highest specific capacitance of 126.16 mF/cm2 at a current density of 1 mA/cm2, resulting from the perfect combination of the pseudocapacitance behavior of the PANI along with the electrical double layer capacitance of graphene. A symmetric supercapacitor device is also fabricated with PANI4.5/G, which showed the highest areal capacitance of 116.38 mF/cm2 similar to that with three-electrode studies and also good cycling stability with 87 % capacitance retention in the specific capacitance after 6000 cycles. It also exhibited an energy density of 16 µWh/cm2 (0.29 Wh/kg) and a power density of 3.99 mW/cm2 (72.72 W/kg).
期刊介绍:
Ultrasonics is the only internationally established journal which covers the entire field of ultrasound research and technology and all its many applications. Ultrasonics contains a variety of sections to keep readers fully informed and up-to-date on the whole spectrum of research and development throughout the world. Ultrasonics publishes papers of exceptional quality and of relevance to both academia and industry. Manuscripts in which ultrasonics is a central issue and not simply an incidental tool or minor issue, are welcomed.
As well as top quality original research papers and review articles by world renowned experts, Ultrasonics also regularly features short communications, a calendar of forthcoming events and special issues dedicated to topical subjects.