大麻使用障碍中的大麻线索反应：两种不同大麻文化中的不同证据。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.09.030

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：大麻政策和态度在大麻使用障碍（CUD）的发展和表现中起着一定作用，但这些因素与成瘾生物标志物之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究考察了大麻态度、大脑中大麻线索反应及其与大麻使用措施和大麻态度之间的跨文化差异：设计：横断面 fMRI 研究：环境：荷兰（NL）和美国德克萨斯州（TX）：104 名患有 CUD 的大麻使用者（44% 为女性；NL-CUD = 54 人，TX-CUD = 50 人）和 83 名未使用大麻的对照者（52% 为女性；NL-CON = 50 人，TX-CON = 33 人）：测量：使用 3T 磁共振成像扫描仪评估自我报告的积极（感知到的益处）和消极（感知到的危害）大麻态度以及触觉大麻线索反应：虽然 CUD 组总体上对大麻的态度更积极、更消极，并报告了更高的渴求度，但 TX-CUD 组报告的态度明显更积极、更消极，渴求度也比 NL-CUD 组低。在 CUD 组中，包括楔前叶、枕叶外侧皮层、额叶内侧皮层、伏隔核和丘脑在内的集群中观察到大麻线索反应。在 TX-CUD 组中，观察到症状严重程度与楔前皮层和枕叶皮层群中线索诱发的渴求和大麻线索反应之间存在正相关，而在 NL-CUD 组中则观察到负相关。在这些群组中，态度较积极的人表现出渴求和线索反应之间的正相关，而态度较不积极的人则表现出负相关。没有观察到与使用数量的关联：结论：在不同的大麻使用环境中，线索诱发的渴求可能与大麻线索反应有递减关系。

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Cannabis cue-reactivity in cannabis use disorder: Diverging evidence in two distinct cannabis cultures

Background

Cannabis policies and attitudes play a role in the development and presentation of cannabis use disorder (CUD), but it is unclear how these factors are related to biomarkers of addiction. The current study examined cross-cultural differences in cannabis attitudes, cannabis cue-reactivity in the brain and its associations with cannabis use measures and cannabis attitudes.

Design

Cross-sectional fMRI study.

Setting

The Netherlands (NL) and Texas (TX), USA.

Participants

104 cannabis users with CUD (44% female; NL-CUD = 54, TX-CUD = 50) and 83 non-using controls (52% female; NL-CON = 50, TX-CON = 33).

Measurements

Self-reported positive (perceived benefits) and negative (perceived harms) cannabis attitudes and tactile cannabis cue-reactivity assessed using a 3T MRI scanner.

Findings

While the CUD group overall was more positive and less negative about cannabis and reported higher craving, the TX-CUD group reported significantly more positive and less negative attitudes and less craving than the NL-CUD group. Cannabis cue-reactivity was observed in the CUD group in clusters including the precuneus, lateral occipital cortex, frontal medial cortex, nucleus accumbens, and thalamus. In the TX-CUD group, a positive association was observed between symptom severity and cue-induced craving and cannabis cue-reactivity in precuneus and occipital cortex clusters, while a negative association was observed in the NL-CUD group. In these clusters, individuals with more positive attitudes exhibited a positive association between craving and cue-reactivity and those with less positive attitudes exhibited a negative association. No associations with quantity of use were observed.

Conclusions

Cue-induced craving might be deferentially associated with cannabis cue-reactivity across distinct cannabis use environments.

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来源期刊

Journal of psychiatric research 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

2.10%

发文量

622

审稿时长

130 days

期刊介绍： Founded in 1961 to report on the latest work in psychiatry and cognate disciplines, the Journal of Psychiatric Research is dedicated to innovative and timely studies of four important areas of research: (1) clinical studies of all disciplines relating to psychiatric illness, as well as normal human behaviour, including biochemical, physiological, genetic, environmental, social, psychological and epidemiological factors; (2) basic studies pertaining to psychiatry in such fields as neuropsychopharmacology, neuroendocrinology, electrophysiology, genetics, experimental psychology and epidemiology; (3) the growing application of clinical laboratory techniques in psychiatry, including imagery and spectroscopy of the brain, molecular biology and computer sciences;