Hua Wang, Tiantian Liu, Shucun Sun, Owen T. Lewis, Xinqiang Xi
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引用次数: 0
摘要
在营养相互作用中,资源可用性随时间的变化是一个常见的属性,但其对不同消费物种的适应性以及对它们之间的种间竞争的影响还不清楚。为了研究这个问题,我们让两种寄生虫--Trichopria drosophilae和Pachycrepoideus vindemiae--在不同的时间变化处理下单独或同时利用果蝇寄主蛹。在没有种间竞争的情况下,当寄主短时间暴露在高密度环境中时,这两种寄生虫的适合度都比长时间暴露在低密度环境中时低。当两种寄生虫同时利用寄主时,种间竞争会显著减少两种寄生虫的后代数量。这种种间竞争的结果取决于寄主的时间变化,在短期和长期寄主暴露处理中,T. drosophilae或P. vindemiae分别占优势。这些结果可以用寄主的可用性和雌性成虫的卵量来解释。在短时间内提供大量寄主的情况下,原卵生的 T. drosophilae 的成熟卵量充足,使其能够比同步卵生的 P. vindemiae 更有效地利用寄主。然而,P. vindemiae 本身就是一个优秀的竞争者,在发生多寄生时占主导地位。当寄主相对于寄生虫卵量处于较低水平时,多寄生现象更为频繁。我们的研究结果清楚地表明,资源的时间可用性可以改变具有不同生殖特征的消费者之间的竞争结果。
期刊介绍:
Journal of Animal Ecology publishes the best original research on all aspects of animal ecology, ranging from the molecular to the ecosystem level. These may be field, laboratory and theoretical studies utilising terrestrial, freshwater or marine systems.