{"title":"[当前皮肤科的疫苗接种和免疫策略]。","authors":"Steffen Schrenker, Luise Erpenbeck","doi":"10.1007/s00105-024-05400-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vaccinations are an important pillar of public health. They have high benefits for individuals and society as a whole by specifically preventing or mitigating infectious diseases. In many cases, they offer benefits that go beyond protection against the disease in question, e.g., protective cardiovascular effects. Vaccination recommendations in Germany are drawn up by the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO), while the European Medicines Agency (EMA) is responsible for the approval of vaccines in the EU. Vaccinations may be carried out by physicians regardless of their specialty. In dermatology, vaccinations against varicella (chickenpox), herpes zoster, and human papillomavirus are established. The development of vaccines against other dermatologically relevant diseases and cancer vaccines is the subject of intensive research. Particularly in the case of immunosuppression, the physician must also take into consideration which vaccinations are possible and useful or contraindicated. Type I or type IV allergies to components of vaccinations are very rare, but reactions at the injection site often occur as a dermatological side effect. Urticarial reactions are also possible, as does the worsening of underlying dermatological conditions such as psoriasis vulgaris.</p>","PeriodicalId":72786,"journal":{"name":"Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"889-901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"[Current vaccination and immunization strategies in dermatology].\",\"authors\":\"Steffen Schrenker, Luise Erpenbeck\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00105-024-05400-0\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Vaccinations are an important pillar of public health. They have high benefits for individuals and society as a whole by specifically preventing or mitigating infectious diseases. In many cases, they offer benefits that go beyond protection against the disease in question, e.g., protective cardiovascular effects. Vaccination recommendations in Germany are drawn up by the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO), while the European Medicines Agency (EMA) is responsible for the approval of vaccines in the EU. Vaccinations may be carried out by physicians regardless of their specialty. In dermatology, vaccinations against varicella (chickenpox), herpes zoster, and human papillomavirus are established. The development of vaccines against other dermatologically relevant diseases and cancer vaccines is the subject of intensive research. Particularly in the case of immunosuppression, the physician must also take into consideration which vaccinations are possible and useful or contraindicated. Type I or type IV allergies to components of vaccinations are very rare, but reactions at the injection site often occur as a dermatological side effect. Urticarial reactions are also possible, as does the worsening of underlying dermatological conditions such as psoriasis vulgaris.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":72786,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"889-901\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-024-05400-0\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/10/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-024-05400-0","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/10/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
疫苗接种是公共卫生的重要支柱。通过专门预防或减轻传染病,疫苗接种对个人和整个社会都有很大益处。在许多情况下,接种疫苗的益处不仅限于预防相关疾病,例如对心血管的保护作用。德国的疫苗接种建议由疫苗接种常设委员会(STIKO)制定,而欧盟的疫苗审批则由欧洲药品管理局(EMA)负责。疫苗接种可由不同专业的医生进行。在皮肤科,已经建立了针对水痘、带状疱疹和人类乳头瘤病毒的疫苗。针对其他皮肤病相关疾病的疫苗和癌症疫苗的开发也是深入研究的主题。特别是在免疫抑制的情况下,医生还必须考虑到哪些疫苗可以接种,哪些有用,哪些禁忌。对疫苗成分的 I 型或 IV 型过敏非常罕见,但注射部位的反应经常作为皮肤病副作用出现。荨麻疹反应也有可能发生,潜在的皮肤病(如寻常型银屑病)也有可能恶化。
[Current vaccination and immunization strategies in dermatology].
Vaccinations are an important pillar of public health. They have high benefits for individuals and society as a whole by specifically preventing or mitigating infectious diseases. In many cases, they offer benefits that go beyond protection against the disease in question, e.g., protective cardiovascular effects. Vaccination recommendations in Germany are drawn up by the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO), while the European Medicines Agency (EMA) is responsible for the approval of vaccines in the EU. Vaccinations may be carried out by physicians regardless of their specialty. In dermatology, vaccinations against varicella (chickenpox), herpes zoster, and human papillomavirus are established. The development of vaccines against other dermatologically relevant diseases and cancer vaccines is the subject of intensive research. Particularly in the case of immunosuppression, the physician must also take into consideration which vaccinations are possible and useful or contraindicated. Type I or type IV allergies to components of vaccinations are very rare, but reactions at the injection site often occur as a dermatological side effect. Urticarial reactions are also possible, as does the worsening of underlying dermatological conditions such as psoriasis vulgaris.