Tumores filoides malignos: serie de casos y revisión de la literatura

Introduction

Phyllodes tumours (PT) are rare breast tumours with diverse biological behaviour. The purpose of this paper was to conduct a global study of malignant PTs in our healthcare area.

Material and methods

A case series study where we reviewed oncological, clinical-diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic data of malignant PTs diagnosed between 1978 and 2022 in the Vigo area.

Results

Out of the total of 64 PTs collected: 40 were benign, 13 borderline and 11malignant. The mean age of the total PT series was 49.8 years, with no differences being found between categories. All the malignant PTs in our series were in women who consulted for breast lumps. Mean size was 8 cm (2.5-20 cm). With regard to type of surgery, there were 6 cases of mastectomy and 4 cases of conservative surgery, one lymphadenectomy without apparent indication and without metastatic involvement. Radiotherapy was received in only one case, and in another adjuvant hormone therapy was received. Regarding prognostic evolution, one case presented local recurrence (4 years after surgery) and two cases developed metastasis (which was the cause of death after 1.5 and 8 years).

Conclusions

Malignant PTs are a rare entity. This was a historical series of only 11 patients. Surgical excision (margins ≥ 1 cm) without lymphadenectomy is the treatment of choice. Radiotherapy was effective in reducing local recurrences, but chemotherapy and hormone therapy are not substantiated. Suspected diagnosis is important to reduce associated morbidity and mortality and further studies are required to guide clinical practice.