{"title":"作为氧气治疗剂的十二氟戊烷乳液。","authors":"Jennifer L H Johnson, Evan Unger","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2024.2402908","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dodecafluoropentane emulsion (DDFPe) is a fluorocarbon (FC) under clinical development as an oxygen therapeutic and is regulated as a blood substitute. Compared to all the prior FCs studied, DDFP is the most advantageous for oxygen delivery and it is active at a lower concentration (1/200th to 1/1000th the weight of other FCs). DDFP has a boiling point of 29 °C, is more water soluble than prior FCs, and following IV administration clears <i>via</i> exhalation. Prior FCs had boiling points ≥ 140 °C and were retained long-term in the body causing adverse events. DDFP is a gas at biological temperature while prior FCs were liquids. Gases deliver roughly 1000 times more oxygen than liquids. DDFPe has two mechanisms of action: (1) The size of the molecule is the smallest that is a liquid at room temperature; on a molar volume basis this equates to more dissolution of oxygen. (2) Because of its boiling point close to physiologic temperature, DDFP delivers oxygen more effectively than liquid FCs.Highlight PointsFluorocarbons (FCs) dissolve oxygen and other respirable gases.FC emulsions generally do not have biological effects of and by themselves, but rather they increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.There are a variety of FCs that were developed in the past as blood substitutes but they all caused accumulation in humans leading to toxic responses.Dodecafluoropentane emulsion (DDFPe) is being developed as an oxygen therapeutic to increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and oxygen delivery to tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"52 1","pages":"462-475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Dodecafluoropentane emulsion as an oxygen therapeutic.\",\"authors\":\"Jennifer L H Johnson, Evan Unger\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/21691401.2024.2402908\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Dodecafluoropentane emulsion (DDFPe) is a fluorocarbon (FC) under clinical development as an oxygen therapeutic and is regulated as a blood substitute. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
十二氟戊烷乳液（DDFPe）是一种碳氟化合物（FC），正在作为氧气治疗剂进行临床开发，并作为血液替代品受到管制。与之前研究过的所有碳氟化合物相比，DDFP 在氧气输送方面最具优势，而且在较低浓度（为其他碳氟化合物重量的 1/200 至 1/1000）时也具有活性。DDFP 的沸点为 29 °C，比之前的 FC 更易溶于水，静脉注射后可通过呼气排出。以前的 FC 的沸点≥ 140 °C，会长期滞留在体内造成不良反应。DDFP 在生物温度下是气体，而之前的 FC 是液体。气体提供的氧气大约是液体的 1000 倍。DDFPe 有两种作用机理：（1）其分子大小是室温下液体中最小的；按摩尔体积计算，这相当于溶解更多的氧气。(2）由于其沸点接近生理温度，DDFP 比液态 FC 更有效地输送氧气。FC 乳剂本身一般不会产生生物效应，但会增加血液的携氧能力。十二氟戊烷乳剂（DDFPe）正被开发为一种氧气治疗剂，以提高血液的携氧能力和向组织输送氧气。
Dodecafluoropentane emulsion as an oxygen therapeutic.
Dodecafluoropentane emulsion (DDFPe) is a fluorocarbon (FC) under clinical development as an oxygen therapeutic and is regulated as a blood substitute. Compared to all the prior FCs studied, DDFP is the most advantageous for oxygen delivery and it is active at a lower concentration (1/200th to 1/1000th the weight of other FCs). DDFP has a boiling point of 29 °C, is more water soluble than prior FCs, and following IV administration clears via exhalation. Prior FCs had boiling points ≥ 140 °C and were retained long-term in the body causing adverse events. DDFP is a gas at biological temperature while prior FCs were liquids. Gases deliver roughly 1000 times more oxygen than liquids. DDFPe has two mechanisms of action: (1) The size of the molecule is the smallest that is a liquid at room temperature; on a molar volume basis this equates to more dissolution of oxygen. (2) Because of its boiling point close to physiologic temperature, DDFP delivers oxygen more effectively than liquid FCs.Highlight PointsFluorocarbons (FCs) dissolve oxygen and other respirable gases.FC emulsions generally do not have biological effects of and by themselves, but rather they increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.There are a variety of FCs that were developed in the past as blood substitutes but they all caused accumulation in humans leading to toxic responses.Dodecafluoropentane emulsion (DDFPe) is being developed as an oxygen therapeutic to increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and oxygen delivery to tissues.
期刊介绍：
Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine and Biotechnology covers the frontiers of interdisciplinary research and application, combining artificial cells, nanotechnology, nanobiotechnology, biotechnology, molecular biology, bioencapsulation, novel carriers, stem cells and tissue engineering. Emphasis is on basic research, applied research, and clinical and industrial applications of the following topics:artificial cellsblood substitutes and oxygen therapeuticsnanotechnology, nanobiotecnology, nanomedicinetissue engineeringstem cellsbioencapsulationmicroencapsulation and nanoencapsulationmicroparticles and nanoparticlesliposomescell therapy and gene therapyenzyme therapydrug delivery systemsbiodegradable and biocompatible polymers for scaffolds and carriersbiosensorsimmobilized enzymes and their usesother biotechnological and nanobiotechnological approachesRapid progress in modern research cannot be carried out in isolation and is based on the combined use of the different novel approaches. The interdisciplinary research involving novel approaches, as discussed above, has revolutionized this field resulting in rapid developments. This journal serves to bring these different, modern and futuristic approaches together for the academic, clinical and industrial communities to allow for even greater developments of this highly interdisciplinary area.
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