A methodological exploration of the P-frame approach: Implications for developing phrase lists

The widespread availability of corpora and corpus tools has led to considerable advances in our understanding of phraseology and how it can be investigated. An increasingly influential approach to investigating phraseology is the retrieval and analysis of phrase frames (p-frames), recurrent word sequences with a variable slot. Although the p-frame approach is quite well-established, pedagogically oriented research in this area is still quite new, in particular the application of phrase frames to generate useful lists of phrases. This paper aims to contribute to methodological efforts in this direction by presenting a case study to illustrate decision-making throughout the process from corpus compilation to the generation of a final pedagogical list of phrases. Using a corpus of research article (RA) introductions in Health Sciences, this study shows how key decisions including p-frame length, frequency and range thresholds were arrived at. It also discusses exclusion criteria focusing on variability and predictability of p-frame fillers, and the fine-tuning of the resulting list, focusing on semantic coherence and pedagogical usefulness. Finally, we present the results of an initial evaluation of the list by stakeholders. The main contributions of the study to p-frame research methodology lie in the clarification of threshold settings, the potential contribution of variability and predictability to decision-making and the proposal of more in-depth concordance analysis of co-text to aid in the identification of phrases.