测试木屑在不同实验和空间尺度下促进水生营养吸收的效率

IF 3.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Frontiers in Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.3389/fenvs.2024.1419413

Elmira Akbari, Tjaša Matjašič, Anna-Lisa Dittrich, Katrin Attermeyer, Rebecca Hood-Nowotny, Gabriele Weigelhofer

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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言：木屑作为一种颗粒有机碳（POC）来源，被认为是一种基于自然的解决方案，可提高农业溪流的营养吸收和保留。然而，考虑到木屑在各种环境条件下的表现，要想在溪流中有效利用木屑去除养分，就必须对其潜力和局限性有深入的了解。本研究测试了木屑在不同实验规模和复杂程度下吸收可溶性活性磷（SRP）和铵（N-NH4）的效率。我们研究了在受控条件下的实验室水槽、半受控条件下的室外水槽和农业溪流中，木屑的存在是否能增加可溶性活性磷和 N-NH4 的吸收。此外，我们还通过在室外水槽中进行为期 6 周的培养，研究了木屑的作用会随着时间的推移而发生怎样的变化。我们在所有三个实验装置中分别添加了无木屑（对照组）和有木屑（处理组）的短期营养物。吸收参数是通过实验室水槽中浓度随时间的变化以及室外水槽和河道中浓度随距离的变化来确定的。使用效应大小模型分析了木屑对 SRP 和 N-NH4 吸收率的影响。结果我们发现，木屑仅在实验室水槽中对营养物质的吸收有积极影响，但在室外水槽和农业溪流中没有影响，甚至有负面影响。在室外水槽中培养 6 周后，我们没有观察到木屑对养分吸收的影响发生显著变化。讨论这些发现突出表明，在测试应用木屑作为基于自然的解决方案来减轻农业溪流中的养分负荷时，考虑实验规模和影响环境条件至关重要。

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Testing woodchips for their efficiency in stimulating aquatic nutrient uptake at different experimental and spatial scales

IntroductionWoodchips as a source of particulate organic carbon (POC) are proposed as a nature-based solution to enhance nutrient uptake and retention in agricultural streams. However, the effective implementation of woodchips for nutrient removal in streams requires an advanced understanding of their potential and limits, considering their performance under various environmental conditions. This study tested the efficiency of woodchips on the uptake of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and ammonium (N-NH4) across different experimental scales and complexity. We investigated whether the presence of woodchips can increase SRP and N-NH4 uptake in laboratory flumes under controlled conditions, outdoor flumes under semi-controlled conditions, and agricultural streams. Additionally, we examined how the effects of woodchips will change over time via a 6-week incubation in the outdoor flumes.MethodsThe woodchips were pre-colonized for four weeks to allow the growth of biofilms. We performed short-term nutrient additions without (control) and with (treatment) woodchips in all three experimental setups. Uptake parameters were determined via concentration changes over time in the laboratory flumes and concentration changes over travel distance in the outdoor flumes and the stream channels. The effects of woodchips on SRP and N-NH4 uptake rates were analyzed using an effect size model.ResultsWe found positive effects of woodchips on nutrient uptake only in the laboratory flumes but no or even negative effects in the outdoor flumes and the agricultural streams. Over the 6-week incubation in the outdoor flumes, we did not observe significant changes in the effects of woodchips on nutrient uptake.DiscussionThese findings highlight that considering experimental scales and influencing environmental conditions is crucial when testing the application of woodchips as nature-based solutions to mitigate nutrient loads in agricultural streams.

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Environmental Science Environmental Science-General Environmental Science

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

8.70%

发文量

2276

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Our natural world is experiencing a state of rapid change unprecedented in the presence of humans. The changes affect virtually all physical, chemical and biological systems on Earth. The interaction of these systems leads to tipping points, feedbacks and amplification of effects. In virtually all cases, the causes of environmental change can be traced to human activity through either direct interventions as a consequence of pollution, or through global warming from greenhouse case emissions. Well-formulated and internationally-relevant policies to mitigate the change, or adapt to the consequences, that will ensure our ability to thrive in the coming decades are badly needed. Without proper understanding of the processes involved, and deep understanding of the likely impacts of bad decisions or inaction, the security of food, water and energy is a risk. Left unchecked shortages of these basic commodities will lead to migration, global geopolitical tension and conflict. This represents the major challenge of our time. We are the first generation to appreciate the problem and we will be judged in future by our ability to determine and take the action necessary. Appropriate knowledge of the condition of our natural world, appreciation of the changes occurring, and predictions of how the future will develop are requisite to the definition and implementation of solutions. Frontiers in Environmental Science publishes research at the cutting edge of knowledge of our natural world and its various intersections with society. It bridges between the identification and measurement of change, comprehension of the processes responsible, and the measures needed to reduce their impact. Its aim is to assist the formulation of policies, by offering sound scientific evidence on environmental science, that will lead to a more inhabitable and sustainable world for the generations to come.