Financial analysis business of cantang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus) and cantik (E. fuscoguttatus × E. polyphekadion) hybrid groupers in hatcheries

Management evaluation is essential to optimize finances by increasing egg production, survival rates, larval rearing, and nursery growth. Research aims to analyze production and financial performance in sustainable practices for producing hybrid grouper seeds such as cantang and cantik. The research was carried out for one year, from September 2022 to September 2023. Survey method with the selection of research locations carried out purposively utilized both primary and secondary data types. Primary data was collected through surveys using questionnaires, interviews, and direct observation of activities. Direct observations were conducted at egg production, hatchery, and nursery activities. Research shows that in one year the egg production is 97,300,000 cantang eggs and 17,800,000 cantik eggs. The final length mean harvested in the hatchery was 3.5 ± 0.28 cm with a survival rate of 8.3 ± 4.9 % for cantang hybrid grouper and 3.2 ± 0.25 cm with a survival rate of 10.1 ± 5.0 % for cantik hybrid grouper. The total length of the nursery harvested was 10.9 ± 0.30 cm with a survival rate of 71.5 ± 8.7 % for cantang hybrid grouper, and cantik hybrid grouper measured 10.1 ± 0.30 cm with a survival rate of 81.0±6.0 %. The highest net profit comes from nurseries, followed by larval rearing and egg production. Investments in egg production, larval rearing, and nursery businesses are financially advantageous, as both the R/C and B/C ratios > 1, demonstrating their economic viability. The increasing demand for hatcheries and seeds highlights the importance of successful egg production in fulfilling the growing needs of grouper hatcheries. Nursery operations play a crucial role in enhancing the success of grouper grow-out by improving survival rates and reducing rearing times. They focus on nurturing seeds from their early stages until they reach a suitable size and strength for the grow-out phase.