Martina Martusciello, Andrea Lanfranchi, Maila Castellano, Maddalena Patrini, Paola Lova, Davide Comoretto
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Stretchable Distributed Bragg Reflectors as Strain-Responsive Mechanochromic Sensors
Mechanochromic materials exhibit color changes upon external mechanical stimuli, finding wide-ranging applications in colorimetric sensing, display technology, and anticounterfeiting measures. Many of these materials rely on fluorescence properties and therefore necessitate external optical or electrical excitation. However, for broader applicability, the detection of color changes by the naked eye only or without complicated detection instrumentation is highly desirable. Photonic crystals offer a promising avenue for attaining such performances. In this work, we present elastomeric distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) characterized by a series of photonic bandgaps exhibiting mechanochromic response from the near-infrared to the visible wavelengths. To achieve this, we engineered alternating thin films of a thermoplastic fluoropolymer and a styrene–butadiene copolymer using different elastomeric substrates to attain different behaviors. The reported system demonstrates a reversible and instantaneous shift of the photonic bandgaps in response to 100% strain in multiple deformation cycles. Comparing the DBR stress–strain response with the optical strain response confirms a mechanochromic sensitivity of ∼1.7–6.9 nm/% and ∼80 nm/MPa, with an optical Poisson’s ratio in the range 0.3–0.7. All these properties are spectrally dependent, as demonstrated by exploiting the properties of different diffraction order photonic band gaps.
期刊介绍:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces is a leading interdisciplinary journal that brings together chemists, engineers, physicists, and biologists to explore the development and utilization of newly-discovered materials and interfacial processes for specific applications. Our journal has experienced remarkable growth since its establishment in 2009, both in terms of the number of articles published and the impact of the research showcased. We are proud to foster a truly global community, with the majority of published articles originating from outside the United States, reflecting the rapid growth of applied research worldwide.