气候参数和植物形态特征对紫玉米(Zea mays L., PMV-581)核心花青素总含量的影响

Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI:10.3390/agronomy14092021
Víctor Soto-Aquino, Severo Ignacio-Cárdenas, Anghelo Jhosepp Japa-Espinoza, Ulda Campos-Félix, Juanita Ciriaco-Poma, Alex Campos-Félix, Benancio Pantoja-Medina, Juan Z. Dávalos-Prado
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这项工作中,报告了在瓦努科-秘鲁地区三个不同地方种植和生产的 PMV 581 紫玉米的 10 个形态特征、8 个气候参数和玉米芯中总花青素含量之间的相互关系。这项形态特征研究采用标准描述符对植株和玉米芯进行描述。气候参数数据来自试验地点附近的三个气象站。花青素总含量(Acy)用葡萄糖苷-3-花青素浓度表示,采用 pH 值差分法测定。对所获数据进行统计处理后发现,以下描述指标最具代表性,因为它们之间的相关性较差,但总体上取决于各地的情况:i/(形态)每棒粒重 GWC、株长 PL 和棒芯重 CCW;ii/(气候)最低温度 Tmin、风速 v 和相对湿度 RH。在这两类描述因子之间,相关性最好的是(CCW vs. Tmin)和(GWC vs. v)。另一方面,花青素总含量 Acy 与 CCW 和 Tmin 描述因子的相关性非常好。因此,在温楚斯帕塔(W-Q)的玉米棒中,Acy 的含量最高(684.2 毫克/100 克),CCW 也最高(38.6 克/玉米棒),而温楚斯帕塔是最冷的地方(Tmin = 7.89 °C)。相反,三地中最热(最低温度 = 19.96 °C)的 Pistaloli(P-SA)的玉米棒中 Acy 的浓度最低(603.7 毫克/100 克),CCW 也最低(25.4 克/玉米棒)。风速 v(4.13 米/秒)最高的马拉班巴(M-Y)玉米棒的 GWC 值(139.4 克/球茎)也最高。相反,风速 v 最低(1.19 米/秒)的 Pistaloli(P-SA)玉米棒的 GWC 值最低(79.6 克/棒)。在这种情况下,有必要建议研究气候变异对不同作物周期的影响,调查不同的农艺管理方法和基因鉴定/表达工具的使用如何优化紫色玉米的花青素产量,以促进针对特定气候条件选择新品种。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of Climatic Parameters and Plant Morphological Characters on the Total Anthocyanin Content of Purple Maize (Zea mays L., PMV-581) Cob Core
In this work, the inter-relationship among 10 morphological characters, 8 climatic parameters and the content of total anthocyanins in the cob core of PMV 581 purple maize, cultivated and produced in three different places in Huanuco–Peru region, has been reported. This study of morphological characters was carried out using standard descriptors, both for the plant and the cob. Data on climatic parameters were obtained from three meteorological stations near the test locations. The total anthocyanin content (Acy), expressed as the glucoside-3-cyanidin concentration, has been determined by the differential pH method. From the statistical treatment of the data obtained, the following descriptors were found to be the most representative, given that they are poorly correlated with each other, but in general, depending on the localities: i/ (morphological) grain weight per cob GWC, plant length PL and cob core weight CCW; ii/ (climatic) minimum temperature Tmin, wind speed v and relative humidity RH. Between both types of descriptors, the best correlations occur for (CCW vs. Tmin) and (GWC vs. v). On the other hand, the total anthocyanin content Acy correlates very well with the CCW and Tmin descriptors. So, the highest concentration of Acy (684.2 mg/100 g) and also the highest CCW (38.6 g/cob) have been obtained in cobs of Winchuspata (W-Q), the coldest (Tmin = 7.89 °C) of the considered localities. On the contrary, the lowest concentration of Acy (603.7 mg/100 g) and also the lowest CCW 25.4 g/cob) have been obtained in cobs of Pistaloli (P-SA), the warmest (Tmin = 19.96 °C) of the three locations. The highest GWC value (139.4 g/cob) has been obtained in cobs of Marabamba (M-Y) where the wind speed v (4.13 m/s) was the highest of the locations considered. On the contrary, the lowest value of GWC (79.6 g/cob) has been obtained for cobs of Pistaloli (P-SA) where v was the lowest (1.19 m/s). In this context, it is important to propose studies on climatic variations’ impact on different crop cycles, investigating how different agronomic management practices and the use of genetic identification/expression tools can optimize the anthocyanin production of purple maize, in order to facilitate the selection of new varieties for specific climatic conditions.
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