物质功率谱中的极早期暗能量特征

Alexander C. Sobotka, Adrienne L. Erickcek, Tristan L. Smith
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引用次数: 0

摘要

类似轴子的标量场会引起宇宙标准膨胀历史的暂时偏离。标量场对宇宙能量密度的贡献在标量场受哈勃限制保持不变的情况下不断增长,但当标量场开始演化时,其能量密度的降低速度在某些电势下会超过辐射密度。我们探索了这样一种标量场的观测特征,它在大爆炸核合成和物质辐射相等之间成为动态的,我们称之为极早期暗能量(vEDE)。如果vEDE瞬间主导了宇宙的能量密度,它就会在物质功率谱中产生一个独特的特征,其中包括在标量场开始演化之后进入视界的尺度上的凸起。对于 $k \gtrsim 10\,h\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}$ 来说,这个凸起的振幅可能会超过标准物质谱的振幅。相对于标准功率谱,这个峰值两侧尺度上的功率会受到抑制,但只有在视界内的尺度才会受到影响,而尺度场则会对总能量密度做出重大贡献。我们通过对宇宙微波背景的观测、对原始氘丰度的测量以及对晚期膨胀历史的探测,确定了 vEDE 情景是如何受到约束的。我们发现,目前的观测结果与vEDE情景是一致的,这些情景增强了尺度$k\gtrsim 30\,h\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}$ 的能量,并使$200\,h\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}$附近的物质能量谱的振幅增加了近一倍。这些方案还抑制了介于 $0.3\,h\,text{Mpc}^{-1}$ 和 $30\,h\,text{Mpc}^{-1}$ 之间的尺度上的能量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Signatures of Very Early Dark Energy in the Matter Power Spectrum
Axion-like scalar fields can induce temporary deviations from the standard expansion history of the universe. The scalar field's contribution to the energy density of the universe grows while the field is held constant by Hubble friction, but when the scalar field starts to evolve, its energy density decreases faster than the radiation density for some potentials. We explore the observational signatures of such a scalar field that becomes dynamical between big bang nucleosynthesis and matter-radiation equality, which we call very Early Dark Energy (vEDE). If vEDE momentarily dominates the energy density of the universe, it generates a distinctive feature in the matter power spectrum that includes a bump on scales that enter the horizon just after the scalar field starts to evolve. For $k \gtrsim 10\,h\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}$, the amplitude of this bump can exceed the amplitude of the standard matter spectrum. The power on scales on either side of this peak is suppressed relative to the standard power spectrum, but only scales that are within the horizon while the scalar field makes a significant contribution to the total energy density are affected. We determine how vEDE scenarios are constrained by observations of the cosmic microwave background, measurements of the primordial deuterium abundance, and probes of the late-time expansion history. We find that current observations are consistent with vEDE scenarios that enhance power on scales $k \gtrsim 30\,h\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}$ and nearly double the amplitude of the matter power spectrum around $200\,h\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}$. These scenarios also suppress power on scales between $0.3\,h\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}$ and $30\,h\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}$.
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