氮和水对大麦产量和麦芽质量的影响

IF 3.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Davide Cammarano, Jonathan Holland, Alberto Gianinetti, Marina Baronchelli, Domenico Ronga
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大麦是北纬地区最重要的作物之一,尤其是用于麦芽加工和蒸馏。降雨和温度模式方面的年际天气变化会影响作物对土壤水分和氮的吸收,从而影响作物的生长和发育。本研究显示了氮和水的施用对以下方面的影响:(i) 蒸馏所需的特定谷物品质特征;(ii) 植物生物量、氮和产量;以及 (iii) 农民的边际净收益。实验于 2018 年和 2019 年生长季节在英国詹姆斯-赫顿研究所进行,采用两种氮肥和两种灌溉水平。在生长季节,测量了土壤矿物氮和土壤含水量以及植物生物量和氮。收获时测定了产量、产量成分和谷物品质性状。与长期生长季降雨量(1974-2017 年)相比,2018 年是一个非常干旱的生长季,而 2019 年则较为湿润。2018 年灌溉处理的谷物产量较高,但在 2019 年,由于降雨量较高,灌溉处理的谷物产量较低。环境条件影响谷物品质,土壤水分和矿物质氮的模式影响最终品质性状。尽管天气条件多变,但仍能满足啤酒或威士忌行业对谷物质量的要求。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Impact of Nitrogen and Water on Barley Grain Yield and Malting Quality

Impact of Nitrogen and Water on Barley Grain Yield and Malting Quality

Barley is among the most important crops in northern latitudes especially for malting and distilling. Inter-annual weather variability in terms of rainfall and temperature patterns can impact crop uptake of soil water and nitrogen, which influences the crop growth and development. The present study shows the effects of nitrogen and water applied on: (i) specific grain quality traits necessary for distilling; (ii) plant biomass, nitrogen, and yield; and (iii) farmer’s marginal net return. The experiment was conducted during the growing seasons of 2018 and 2019 at the James Hutton Institute (UK) with two nitrogen fertilizers and two irrigation levels. During the growing season soil mineral nitrogen and soil water content and plant biomass and nitrogen were measured. At harvest yield, yield component, and grain quality traits were determined.2018 was a very dry growing season, as opposed to the wetter 2019 respect to the long-term growing season rainfall (1974–2017). Grain yield in 2018 was higher for the irrigated treatment, but in 2019 the irrigation, due to high rainfall, had lower yield. Environmental conditions impacted grain quality, and the patterns of soil water and mineral N affecting the final quality traits. Despite variable weather conditions the grain quality requirements from the industry of either beer or whisky are met.

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来源期刊
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Soil Science
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
10.30%
发文量
331
审稿时长
9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition is an international, peer reviewed journal devoted to publishing original research findings in the areas of soil science, plant nutrition, agriculture and environmental science. Soil sciences submissions may cover physics, chemistry, biology, microbiology, mineralogy, ecology, pedology, soil classification and amelioration. Plant nutrition and agriculture submissions may include plant production, physiology and metabolism of plants, plant ecology, diversity and sustainability of agricultural systems, organic and inorganic fertilization in relation to their impact on yields, quality of plants and ecological systems, and agroecosystems studies. Submissions covering soil degradation, environmental pollution, nature conservation, and environmental protection are also welcome. The journal considers for publication original research articles, technical notes, short communication, and reviews (both voluntary and by invitation), and letters to the editor.
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