Current research status on the structural properties and modification of LiFePO4 cathode materials

With the current global economy developing at a rapid pace, research into lithium-ion batteries has become a focal point in many major areas. Lithium iron phosphate, also known as LiFePO₄ or LFP, is one of the most promising cathode materials for commercial lithium batteries. Its advantages include low cost, environmental friendliness, long cycle life, good thermal stability, and more. Its high-rate charge–discharge capability is limited by its low electronic conductivity and lithium ion diffusion coefficient. Thus, this work describes the structural features of LiFePO₄ cathode materials, focuses on their modification (coating, ion doping, morphological control methods), and concludes by anticipating the direction of future research in this field.