{"title":"在小鼠模型中,LED 光照射导致肝脏发炎、气球膨胀和坏死,不同年龄和性别的小鼠受到不同影响","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116984","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Light-emitting diode (LED) is commonly used in lighting and digital devices in modern life, which delivers higher levels of blue light than other light sources. Previous work indicated that exposure to blue lights increases serum oxidative stress and affects hepatic functions in animals. However, the detailed hepatic pathogenesis caused by blue lights remains largely elusive. This study investigated the characteristics of hepatic injuries caused by LED light exposure in a mouse model. C57BL/6 mice were exposed the LED lights at 1000 lux, 12 h per day for 45 days or at 4500 lux, 1 h per day for 7 days. The mice were aged 8 weeks or 36 weeks in both genders and maintained under a 12 h light/dark cycle without alteration of diet pattern. Liver tissue sections were obtained for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical staining. The mice with 1000 lux exposure displayed severe liver injuries, including inflammation, ballooning, and pyknosis, which were found to a lesser extent in the 4500 lux mice, and aging aggravated the hepatic injuries. The hepatocellular ballooning was found more severe in the males than the females. In contrast, the females expressed the F4/80 and TNF-α inflammatory markers more evidently. Taken together, LED light exposure may have detrimental effects on liver health, particularly in vulnerable groups such as the elderly and the females with excessive exposure to LED lights, even if they maintain a normal diet and regular light/dark cycles. The potential risk should be considered by both the clinicians and the public.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324010601/pdfft?md5=d0f4fb7d465ae0f5dd64b741885c112c&pid=1-s2.0-S0147651324010601-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Hepatic inflammation, ballooning, and pyknosis caused by LED light exposure in a mouse model, with differential effects by age and gender\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116984\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Light-emitting diode (LED) is commonly used in lighting and digital devices in modern life, which delivers higher levels of blue light than other light sources. Previous work indicated that exposure to blue lights increases serum oxidative stress and affects hepatic functions in animals. However, the detailed hepatic pathogenesis caused by blue lights remains largely elusive. This study investigated the characteristics of hepatic injuries caused by LED light exposure in a mouse model. C57BL/6 mice were exposed the LED lights at 1000 lux, 12 h per day for 45 days or at 4500 lux, 1 h per day for 7 days. The mice were aged 8 weeks or 36 weeks in both genders and maintained under a 12 h light/dark cycle without alteration of diet pattern. Liver tissue sections were obtained for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical staining. The mice with 1000 lux exposure displayed severe liver injuries, including inflammation, ballooning, and pyknosis, which were found to a lesser extent in the 4500 lux mice, and aging aggravated the hepatic injuries. The hepatocellular ballooning was found more severe in the males than the females. In contrast, the females expressed the F4/80 and TNF-α inflammatory markers more evidently. Taken together, LED light exposure may have detrimental effects on liver health, particularly in vulnerable groups such as the elderly and the females with excessive exposure to LED lights, even if they maintain a normal diet and regular light/dark cycles. The potential risk should be considered by both the clinicians and the public.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":303,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324010601/pdfft?md5=d0f4fb7d465ae0f5dd64b741885c112c&pid=1-s2.0-S0147651324010601-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324010601\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324010601","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
发光二极管(LED)是现代生活中照明和数码设备的常用光源,它发出的蓝光比其他光源更强。以往的研究表明,暴露于蓝光会增加血清氧化应激,影响动物的肝功能。然而,蓝光导致的肝脏发病机制的详细情况在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸。本研究在小鼠模型中研究了 LED 光照射导致肝损伤的特征。将C57BL/6小鼠置于1000勒克斯、每天12小时、持续45天或4500勒克斯、每天1小时、持续7天的LED灯下。小鼠的年龄为 8 周或 36 周(雌雄均可),在不改变饮食结构的情况下保持 12 小时的光/暗循环。肝脏组织切片用于苏木精和伊红(H&E)及免疫组化染色。暴露于1000勒克斯的小鼠显示出严重的肝损伤,包括炎症、气球变大和坏死,而暴露于4500勒克斯的小鼠肝损伤程度较轻,并且衰老加剧了肝损伤。雄性小鼠的肝细胞气球化比雌性小鼠严重。相比之下,雌性小鼠更明显地表达 F4/80 和 TNF-α 炎症标志物。综上所述,即使保持正常的饮食习惯和规律的光/暗周期,LED 灯照射也可能对肝脏健康产生不利影响,尤其是对老年人等弱势群体和过度接触 LED 灯的女性。临床医生和公众都应考虑到这一潜在风险。
Hepatic inflammation, ballooning, and pyknosis caused by LED light exposure in a mouse model, with differential effects by age and gender
Light-emitting diode (LED) is commonly used in lighting and digital devices in modern life, which delivers higher levels of blue light than other light sources. Previous work indicated that exposure to blue lights increases serum oxidative stress and affects hepatic functions in animals. However, the detailed hepatic pathogenesis caused by blue lights remains largely elusive. This study investigated the characteristics of hepatic injuries caused by LED light exposure in a mouse model. C57BL/6 mice were exposed the LED lights at 1000 lux, 12 h per day for 45 days or at 4500 lux, 1 h per day for 7 days. The mice were aged 8 weeks or 36 weeks in both genders and maintained under a 12 h light/dark cycle without alteration of diet pattern. Liver tissue sections were obtained for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical staining. The mice with 1000 lux exposure displayed severe liver injuries, including inflammation, ballooning, and pyknosis, which were found to a lesser extent in the 4500 lux mice, and aging aggravated the hepatic injuries. The hepatocellular ballooning was found more severe in the males than the females. In contrast, the females expressed the F4/80 and TNF-α inflammatory markers more evidently. Taken together, LED light exposure may have detrimental effects on liver health, particularly in vulnerable groups such as the elderly and the females with excessive exposure to LED lights, even if they maintain a normal diet and regular light/dark cycles. The potential risk should be considered by both the clinicians and the public.
期刊介绍:
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety is a multi-disciplinary journal that focuses on understanding the exposure and effects of environmental contamination on organisms including human health. The scope of the journal covers three main themes. The topics within these themes, indicated below, include (but are not limited to) the following: Ecotoxicology、Environmental Chemistry、Environmental Safety etc.