Trends in port decarbonisation research: are we reinventing the wheel?

Climate change’s severity has raised global attention and regulations. This in turn has increased the throughput of decarbonisation research in different sectors, and ports are no exception. Also, a question is raised as to whether current port decarbonisation (PD) research covers all important aspects and gaps. The main objective of this systemic review is to identify the current state of research and to bring order among the recent and earlier studies focused on PD. While the results have clustered research into four areas, it appears that many studies have explored similar problems, thus providing only limited progress. Consequently, critical gaps are discussed here, and future research areas are put forward to address the pressing challenges and develop PD research.