A comprehensive survey of weapon target assignment problem: Model, algorithm, and application

This paper provides an overview of the weapon target assignment problem, which aims to optimize the assignment of weapons to targets in order to maximize weapon damage to targets. The weapon target assignment problem can be viewed as a specialized instance of the optimal resource assignment problem. With the advancement of weapons technology, high-speed and high-lethality missiles have become more advanced, and their tactical applications more diverse. These missiles can strike targets with greater accuracy and improved concealment, posing a significant threat to both attackers and defenders. Consequently, the weapon target assignment problem has become a pressing concern in the field of military offense and defense. Subsequently, researchers worldwide are devoting significant efforts to address the weapon target assignment problem through the utilization of exact algorithms, heuristic algorithms, meta-heuristic algorithms, and artificial intelligence methods. This paper provides a brief review of the weapon target assignment problem development history, formula, solution techniques, and applications. We categorize weapon target assignment problems into four different formulas, considering the complexity of combat scenarios, and summarize various solution methods for each category. Furthermore, we also emphasize the relevance of weapon target assignment problems in national defense applications. Lastly, we conclude by discussing potential avenues for future research in addressing the weapon target assignment problem.