肝细胞癌诊断和治疗选择的生物标志物

IF 27.7 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Yau-Tuen Chan, Cheng Zhang, Junyu Wu, Pengde Lu, Lin Xu, Hongchao Yuan, Yibin Feng, Zhe-Sheng Chen, Ning Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

肝癌是一项全球性的健康挑战,给社会经济带来沉重负担。肝细胞癌(HCC)是原发性肝癌的主要类型,在分子和细胞特征方面具有高度异质性。早期或小肿瘤通常采用手术或消融治疗。目前,化疗和免疫疗法是治疗无法切除的肿瘤或晚期 HCC 的最佳方法。然而,现有的突变模式和分子生物标志物系统指南无法预测药物反应和获得性耐药性,导致许多分子特征不典型的患者无法获得最佳治疗效果。借助先进的技术平台,可以从液体活检中获得肿瘤基因改变、表观遗传学数据和肿瘤微环境等有价值的信息。这些数据为治疗方案的决策过程提供了坚实的证据。本文回顾了目前对 HCC 检测方法的理解,旨在更新使用液体活检监测 HCC 的发展。文章阐述了HCC诊断的分子基础、表观遗传学特征、循环肿瘤细胞、循环DNA和omics研究的最新重要发现。此外,还讨论了与治疗方案选择相关的生物标志物。此外,还重点介绍了近期一些著名的靶向治疗临床试验。这些见解有助于将知识转化为潜在的生物标志物,用于临床实践中的检测和诊断、预后、治疗反应和耐药性指标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic options in hepatocellular carcinoma
Liver cancer is a global health challenge, causing a significant social-economic burden. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant type of primary liver cancer, which is highly heterogeneous in terms of molecular and cellular signatures. Early-stage or small tumors are typically treated with surgery or ablation. Currently, chemotherapies and immunotherapies are the best treatments for unresectable tumors or advanced HCC. However, drug response and acquired resistance are not predictable with the existing systematic guidelines regarding mutation patterns and molecular biomarkers, resulting in sub-optimal treatment outcomes for many patients with atypical molecular profiles. With advanced technological platforms, valuable information such as tumor genetic alterations, epigenetic data, and tumor microenvironments can be obtained from liquid biopsy. The inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity of HCC are illustrated, and these collective data provide solid evidence in the decision-making process of treatment regimens. This article reviews the current understanding of HCC detection methods and aims to update the development of HCC surveillance using liquid biopsy. Recent critical findings on the molecular basis, epigenetic profiles, circulating tumor cells, circulating DNAs, and omics studies are elaborated for HCC diagnosis. Besides, biomarkers related to the choice of therapeutic options are discussed. Some notable recent clinical trials working on targeted therapies are also highlighted. Insights are provided to translate the knowledge into potential biomarkers for detection and diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response, and drug resistance indicators in clinical practice.
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来源期刊
Molecular Cancer
Molecular Cancer 医学-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
54.90
自引率
2.70%
发文量
224
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Cancer is a platform that encourages the exchange of ideas and discoveries in the field of cancer research, particularly focusing on the molecular aspects. Our goal is to facilitate discussions and provide insights into various areas of cancer and related biomedical science. We welcome articles from basic, translational, and clinical research that contribute to the advancement of understanding, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. The scope of topics covered in Molecular Cancer is diverse and inclusive. These include, but are not limited to, cell and tumor biology, angiogenesis, utilizing animal models, understanding metastasis, exploring cancer antigens and the immune response, investigating cellular signaling and molecular biology, examining epidemiology, genetic and molecular profiling of cancer, identifying molecular targets, studying cancer stem cells, exploring DNA damage and repair mechanisms, analyzing cell cycle regulation, investigating apoptosis, exploring molecular virology, and evaluating vaccine and antibody-based cancer therapies. Molecular Cancer serves as an important platform for sharing exciting discoveries in cancer-related research. It offers an unparalleled opportunity to communicate information to both specialists and the general public. The online presence of Molecular Cancer enables immediate publication of accepted articles and facilitates the presentation of large datasets and supplementary information. This ensures that new research is efficiently and rapidly disseminated to the scientific community.
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