根瘤菌在不断变化的气候中的适应性面临挑战:抗逆性基因工程解决方案

IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY
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引用次数: 0

摘要

根瘤菌与土壤中的豆科植物相互作用,形成固氮结节,其中根瘤菌和植物细胞共存。尽管有关谷物中根瘤菌相关固氮作用的研究不断涌现,但豆科植物与根瘤菌之间的相互作用研究更为深入,通常被用作研究根瘤菌介导的植物固氮作用的模型。根瘤菌在许多生态系统的氮循环中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,根瘤菌对土壤条件和理化性质(即水分、温度、盐度、pH 值和氧气供应)的变化非常敏感。全球气候变化直接导致的这种变化正在挑战根瘤菌在自然和农业环境中的适应能力。虽然有一些研究发现了根瘤菌基因能够适应不同的环境条件,但人们对根瘤菌抗逆性的遗传基础仍然知之甚少。在这篇综述中,我们强调了提高根瘤菌在土壤中的存活率以加强其与植物共生的重要性,这可以提高作物产量并促进可持续农业系统的建立。为了实现这一目标,我们总结了全球气候变化对根瘤菌与植物共生所带来的主要挑战,并整理了目前对根瘤菌中与抗逆性相关的基因和途径的了解。最后,我们介绍了最新的基因工程方法,如合成生物学,以提高根瘤菌对不断变化的环境条件的适应性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Challenges to rhizobial adaptability in a changing climate: Genetic engineering solutions for stress tolerance

Rhizobia interact with leguminous plants in the soil to form nitrogen fixing nodules in which rhizobia and plant cells coexist. Although there are emerging studies on rhizobium-associated nitrogen fixation in cereals, the legume-rhizobium interaction is more well-studied and usually serves as the model to study rhizobium-mediated nitrogen fixation in plants. Rhizobia play a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle in many ecosystems. However, rhizobia are highly sensitive to variations in soil conditions and physicochemical properties (i.e. moisture, temperature, salinity, pH, and oxygen availability). Such variations directly caused by global climate change are challenging the adaptive capabilities of rhizobia in both natural and agricultural environments. Although a few studies have identified rhizobial genes that confer adaptation to different environmental conditions, the genetic basis of rhizobial stress tolerance remains poorly understood. In this review, we highlight the importance of improving the survival of rhizobia in soil to enhance their symbiosis with plants, which can increase crop yields and facilitate the establishment of sustainable agricultural systems. To achieve this goal, we summarize the key challenges imposed by global climate change on rhizobium-plant symbiosis and collate current knowledge of stress tolerance-related genes and pathways in rhizobia. And finally, we present the latest genetic engineering approaches, such as synthetic biology, implemented to improve the adaptability of rhizobia to changing environmental conditions.

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来源期刊
Microbiological research
Microbiological research 生物-微生物学
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
6.00%
发文量
249
审稿时长
29 days
期刊介绍: Microbiological Research is devoted to publishing reports on prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms such as yeasts, fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protozoa. Research on interactions between pathogenic microorganisms and their environment or hosts are also covered.
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