伴有生殖策略转变的异源四倍体小麦的核型和表型浓缩:从自然进化到驯化。

IF 3.6 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Planta Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1007/s00425-024-04514-y
Wei Fan, Meiqi Sun, Yongbao Zheng, Siwen Song, Zeyao Zhang, Yao Bian
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引用次数: 0

摘要

主要结论四倍体小麦在核型和表型进化上反映了进化的分化和驯化的趋同,伴随着生殖适宜性从R策略到K策略的转变。异源四倍体小麦是六倍体面包小麦的祖先,经历了 30 万年的自然进化和 1 万年的驯化。核型和表型的变异以及生育力尚未系统地联系起来。在此,我们通过荧光原位杂交与表型和生殖性状定量相结合的方法,比较了合成、野生和驯化的异源四倍体小麦的核型、无性系生长表型和生殖力。我们发现,与合成品系和驯化品系相比,野生品系的同源重组频率和简单序列重复序列(SSR)的拷贝数变异显著较高。表型特征反映了不同进化过程所形成的种群间的显著差异。野生品种的多样性明显高于驯化品种,尤其是在与无性生长和穗形态相关的性状方面。我们发现,尽管驯化品种的活性花粉率低于野生品种,但驯化品种的活性花粉具有更大的萌发潜力,这表明与野生品种相比,驯化品种花粉发育的生殖适宜性策略发生了转变,从R策略转变为K策略。我们的研究结果表明,异源四倍体小麦的核型和表型从天然野生品系浓缩到了驯化品系。从多倍体植物(尤其是农作物)的进化到驯化的过程中,应认真考虑生态策略的转变,这可以为多倍体植物的适应性进化提供一个视角。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Karyotypic and phenotypic condensation in allotetraploid wheats accompanied with reproductive strategy transformation: from natural evolution to domestication.

Karyotypic and phenotypic condensation in allotetraploid wheats accompanied with reproductive strategy transformation: from natural evolution to domestication.

Main conclusion: Allotetraploid wheat reflects evolutionary divergence and domestication convergence in the karyotypic and phenotypic evolution, accompanied with the transformation from r- strategy to K- strategy in reproductive fitness. Allotetraploid wheat, the progenitor of hexaploidy bread wheat, has undergone 300,000 years of natural evolution and 10,000 years of domestication. The variations in karyotype and phenotype as well as fertility fitness have not been systematically linked. Here, by combining fluorescent in situ hybridization with the quantification of phenotypic and reproductive traits, we compared the karyotype, vegetative growth phenotype and reproductive fitness among synthesized, wild and domesticated accessions of allotetraploid wheat. We detected that the wild accessions showed dramatically high frequencies of homologous recombination and copy number variations of simple sequence repeats (SSR) comparing with synthetic and domesticated accessions. The phenotypic traits reflected significant differences among the populations shaped by distinct evolutionary processes. The diversity observed in wild accessions was significantly greater than that in domesticated ones, particularly in traits associated with vegetative growth and spike morphology. We found that the active pollen of domesticated accessions exhibited greater potential of germination, despite a lower rate of active pollen compared with the wild accessions, indicating a transformation in reproductive fitness strategy for pollen development in domesticated accessions compared to the wild accessions, from r-strategy to K-strategy. Our results demonstrate the condensation of karyotype and phenotype from natural wild accessions to domesticated accessions in allotetraploid wheats. Ecological strategy transformation should be seriously considered from evolution to domestication in polyploid plants, especially crops, which may provide a perspective on the adaptive evolution of polyploid plants.

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来源期刊
Planta
Planta 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
2.30%
发文量
217
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Planta publishes timely and substantial articles on all aspects of plant biology. We welcome original research papers on any plant species. Areas of interest include biochemistry, bioenergy, biotechnology, cell biology, development, ecological and environmental physiology, growth, metabolism, morphogenesis, molecular biology, new methods, physiology, plant-microbe interactions, structural biology, and systems biology.
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