饮用水中的痕量锂含量与痴呆症风险:系统综述。

IF 2.8 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY
Julia Fraiha-Pegado, Vanessa J Rodrigues de Paula, Tariq Alotaibi, Orestes Forlenza, Tomas Hajek
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:自 1949 年问世以来,锂(Li)一直被视为稳定情绪的黄金标准疗法。从组织培养到人体研究,锂的神经保护作用已在许多不同的范例中得到证实。这引起了人们对重新利用这种药物的兴趣。然而,神经保护作用所需的最佳剂量仍不清楚,而且可能与治疗躁郁症所需的剂量不同。最近对水中痕量锂含量的研究表明,即使长期服用极低剂量的锂,也能减缓认知能力的衰退并预防痴呆症。本综述旨在综合相关数据,并对传统的高剂量范式提出质疑:我们系统回顾了五项现有研究,这些研究报告了水中痕量锂与痴呆症发病率或死亡率之间的关系。当饮用水中的痕量锂浓度低至 0.002 毫克/升和 0.056 毫克/升时,痕量锂水平与痴呆症发病率或死亡率之间的关系被观察到。与此同时,低于 0.002 毫克/升的浓度则不会产生这种效应。虽然五项研究中有三项发现锂对男女性痴呆症都有保护作用,但一项包括较低锂含量(0.002 毫克/升)的研究只发现女性有这种关联。 结论:经审查的证据表明,水中的痕量锂含量足以降低痴呆症的发病率或死亡率。考虑到目前缺乏预防或治疗痴呆症的方法,我们不应忽视这些发现。未来的锂试验应侧重于长期使用低剂量甚至微剂量的锂来预防或治疗痴呆症。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Trace lithium levels in drinking water and risk of dementia: a systematic review.

Background: Since its debut in 1949, lithium (Li) has been regarded as a gold standard therapy for mood stabilization. Neuroprotective effects of Li  have been replicated across many different paradigms ranging from tissue cultures to human studies. This has generated interest in potentially repurposing this drug. However, the optimal dosage required for neuroprotective effects remains unclear and may be different than the  doses needed for treatment of bipolar disorders. Recent studies on trace-Li levels in the water suggest that Li, could slow cognitive decline and prevent dementia with long-term use even at very low doses. The current review aims to synthesize the data on the topic and challenge the conventional high-dose paradigm.

Results: We systematically reviewed five available studies, which reported associations between trace-Li in water and incidence or mortality from dementia. Association between trace-Li levels and a lower risk or mortality from dementia were observed at concentrations of Li in drinking water as low as 0.002 mg/L and 0.056 mg/L. Meanwhile, levels below 0.002 mg/L did not elicit this effect. Although three of the five studies found dementia protective properties of Li in both sexes, a single study including lower Li levels (0.002 mg/l) found such association only in women.  CONCLUSION: The reviewed evidence shows that trace-Li levels in the water are sufficient to lower the incidence or mortality from dementia. Considering the lack of options for the prevention or treatment of dementia, we should not ignore these findings. Future trials of Li should focus on long term use of low or even micro doses of Li in the prevention or treatment of dementia.

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来源期刊
International Journal of Bipolar Disorders
International Journal of Bipolar Disorders Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
5.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Bipolar Disorders is a peer-reviewed, open access online journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. It publishes contributions from the broad range of clinical, psychological and biological research in bipolar disorders. It is the official journal of the ECNP-ENBREC (European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centres ) Bipolar Disorders Network, the International Group for the study of Lithium Treated Patients (IGSLi) and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Bipolare Störungen (DGBS) and invites clinicians and researchers from around the globe to submit original research papers, short research communications, reviews, guidelines, case reports and letters to the editor that help to enhance understanding of bipolar disorders.
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