{"title":"早始新世最佳气候时期澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚州东冈瓦纳近极地森林中的不开花植物。","authors":"Miriam A. Slodownik","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.16398","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Premise</h3>\n \n <p>The Cenozoic Macquarie Harbour Formation (MHF) hosts one of the oldest and southernmost post-Cretaceous fossil plant assemblages in Australia. Coinciding with the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO) and predating the breakup of Australia from Antarctica, it offers critical data to study the diversity and extent of the Austral Polar Forest Biome, and the floristic divergence between Australasia and South America resulting from the Gondwana breakup.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>The micromorphology and macromorphology of new fossil plant compressions from the MHF were described and systematically analyzed. Previously published non-flowering plant records were reviewed and revised. Macrofossil abundance data were provided. The flora was compared with other early Paleogene assemblages from across the Southern Hemisphere.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Twelve species of non-flowering plants were identified from the macrofossil record. Conifers include Araucariaceae (<i>Araucaria macrophylla</i>, <i>A. readiae</i>, <i>A. timkarikensis</i> sp. nov., and <i>Araucarioides linearis</i>), Podocarpaceae (<i>Acmopyle glabra</i>, <i>Dacrycarpus mucronatus</i>, <i>Podocarpus paralungatikensis</i> sp. nov., and <i>Retrophyllum</i> sp.), and Cupressaceae (<i>Libocedrus microformis</i>). <i>Dacrycarpus linifolius</i> was designated a junior synonym of <i>D. mucronatus</i>. Further components include a cycad (<i>Bowenia johnsonii</i>, Zamiaceae), a pteridosperm (<i>Komlopteris cenozoicus</i>, Umkomasiaceae), and a fern (<i>Lygodium dinmorphyllum</i>, Schizaeaceae).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>The fossil assemblage represents a mixed near-polar forest with a high diversity of conifers. The morphology and preservation of several species indicate adaptations to life at high latitudes. The coexistence of large- and small-leaved conifers implies complex, possibly open forest structures. Comparisons with contemporaneous assemblages from Argentina support a circumpolar biome during the EECO, reaching from southern Australia across Antarctica to southern South America.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":7691,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajb2.16398","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The non-flowering plants of a near-polar forest in East Gondwana, Tasmania, Australia, during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum\",\"authors\":\"Miriam A. Slodownik\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ajb2.16398\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Premise</h3>\\n \\n <p>The Cenozoic Macquarie Harbour Formation (MHF) hosts one of the oldest and southernmost post-Cretaceous fossil plant assemblages in Australia. Coinciding with the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO) and predating the breakup of Australia from Antarctica, it offers critical data to study the diversity and extent of the Austral Polar Forest Biome, and the floristic divergence between Australasia and South America resulting from the Gondwana breakup.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>The micromorphology and macromorphology of new fossil plant compressions from the MHF were described and systematically analyzed. Previously published non-flowering plant records were reviewed and revised. Macrofossil abundance data were provided. The flora was compared with other early Paleogene assemblages from across the Southern Hemisphere.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Twelve species of non-flowering plants were identified from the macrofossil record. Conifers include Araucariaceae (<i>Araucaria macrophylla</i>, <i>A. readiae</i>, <i>A. timkarikensis</i> sp. nov., and <i>Araucarioides linearis</i>), Podocarpaceae (<i>Acmopyle glabra</i>, <i>Dacrycarpus mucronatus</i>, <i>Podocarpus paralungatikensis</i> sp. nov., and <i>Retrophyllum</i> sp.), and Cupressaceae (<i>Libocedrus microformis</i>). <i>Dacrycarpus linifolius</i> was designated a junior synonym of <i>D. mucronatus</i>. Further components include a cycad (<i>Bowenia johnsonii</i>, Zamiaceae), a pteridosperm (<i>Komlopteris cenozoicus</i>, Umkomasiaceae), and a fern (<i>Lygodium dinmorphyllum</i>, Schizaeaceae).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>The fossil assemblage represents a mixed near-polar forest with a high diversity of conifers. The morphology and preservation of several species indicate adaptations to life at high latitudes. The coexistence of large- and small-leaved conifers implies complex, possibly open forest structures. Comparisons with contemporaneous assemblages from Argentina support a circumpolar biome during the EECO, reaching from southern Australia across Antarctica to southern South America.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7691,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"American Journal of Botany\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajb2.16398\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"American Journal of Botany\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajb2.16398\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PLANT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Journal of Botany","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajb2.16398","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
The non-flowering plants of a near-polar forest in East Gondwana, Tasmania, Australia, during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum
Premise
The Cenozoic Macquarie Harbour Formation (MHF) hosts one of the oldest and southernmost post-Cretaceous fossil plant assemblages in Australia. Coinciding with the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO) and predating the breakup of Australia from Antarctica, it offers critical data to study the diversity and extent of the Austral Polar Forest Biome, and the floristic divergence between Australasia and South America resulting from the Gondwana breakup.
Methods
The micromorphology and macromorphology of new fossil plant compressions from the MHF were described and systematically analyzed. Previously published non-flowering plant records were reviewed and revised. Macrofossil abundance data were provided. The flora was compared with other early Paleogene assemblages from across the Southern Hemisphere.
Results
Twelve species of non-flowering plants were identified from the macrofossil record. Conifers include Araucariaceae (Araucaria macrophylla, A. readiae, A. timkarikensis sp. nov., and Araucarioides linearis), Podocarpaceae (Acmopyle glabra, Dacrycarpus mucronatus, Podocarpus paralungatikensis sp. nov., and Retrophyllum sp.), and Cupressaceae (Libocedrus microformis). Dacrycarpus linifolius was designated a junior synonym of D. mucronatus. Further components include a cycad (Bowenia johnsonii, Zamiaceae), a pteridosperm (Komlopteris cenozoicus, Umkomasiaceae), and a fern (Lygodium dinmorphyllum, Schizaeaceae).
Conclusions
The fossil assemblage represents a mixed near-polar forest with a high diversity of conifers. The morphology and preservation of several species indicate adaptations to life at high latitudes. The coexistence of large- and small-leaved conifers implies complex, possibly open forest structures. Comparisons with contemporaneous assemblages from Argentina support a circumpolar biome during the EECO, reaching from southern Australia across Antarctica to southern South America.
期刊介绍：
The American Journal of Botany (AJB), the flagship journal of the Botanical Society of America (BSA), publishes peer-reviewed, innovative, significant research of interest to a wide audience of plant scientists in all areas of plant biology (structure, function, development, diversity, genetics, evolution, systematics), all levels of organization (molecular to ecosystem), and all plant groups and allied organisms (cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, and lichens). AJB requires authors to frame their research questions and discuss their results in terms of major questions of plant biology. In general, papers that are too narrowly focused, purely descriptive, natural history, broad surveys, or that contain only preliminary data will not be considered.
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