Unraveling the impacts of linear economy, circular economy, green energy and green patents on environmental sustainability: Empirical evidence from OECD countries

This study investigates the impact of linear economy, circular economy, green energy and green patents on environmental sustainability in selected OECD countries during 2000–2018. To demonstrate the nexus between above said constructs, Cross-Sectionally Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) model is adopted. Empirical findings suggest that green energy and green patents positively impact the environmental sustainability across all the quantiles. However, impact of linear economy, circular economy is negative in the short run and getting positive towards the long run. Overall, there is significant association between all the examined variables and they all are equally important to facilitates the environmental sustainability in the OECD countries. Empirical outcomes of present study help the policymakers to establish the ecological sustainability and guide them towards the attainment of sustainable development goals.