Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and prognostic nutritional index in predicting composite endpoint of early safety following transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Background: The incidence of composite endpoint of early safety (CEES) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been a topic of focus within the cardiovascular field due to its impact on long-term patient outcomes. Timely prophylactic interventions are crucial for patients identified as high risk for CEES through preoperative risk stratification.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the connection between inflammatory and nutritional markers, specifically the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and CEES occurrence.

Material and methods: A cohort of 134 patients undergoing TAVR in a single center was studied. The study endpoint was the occurrence of CEES, which was defined according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium 3.

Results: The CEES was reached in 25.4% of patients at 30 days. A high NLR was associated with a 5.55-fold increased risk of CEES (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.52-20.29; p < 0.05), while a low PNI was linked to a 4.43-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.55-12.65; p < 0.01). Combining NLR and PNI provided additional risk stratification for high-risk patients (hazard ratio (HR), 95% CI: 2.24-43.37; p < 0.005).

Conclusions: A high NLR and low PNI were shown to be significant predictors of CEES following TAVR. These findings underscore the significance of NLR and PNI in the risk assessment of TAVR patients, offering valuable insights for preventive measures.