Recent advances in the application of dolomite in membrane separation and beyond: A review on an abundant and versatile mineral

Dolomite is a cost-effective and abundant natural mineral which is characterized by its versatility, non-toxicity, and simple handling. This review analyzes the available scientific literature and delves into multiple dimensions of dolomite. It begins by exploring the origin, structure, and properties of dolomite along with its extraction and purification. This is followed by a critical analysis of its application in various traditional and emerging fields. The traditional areas discussed include agriculture, construction, glass manufacturing, and refractories, with a focus on recent advancements. Similarly, emerging areas of dolomite application include adsorption of heavy metals, polymer engineering (as a mineral filler), catalysis, and membrane separation. Greater emphasis has been placed on the application of dolomite in ceramic membranes, where its composites have been observed to have excellent chemical and mechanical properties, along with high porosity. This is in addition to dolomite being very effective in all the areas mentioned in the article, including as a fertilizer, transesterification and tar removal catalyst, mineral filler, and adsorbent. By underscoring the versatility and benefits of dolomite, this review article serves as an impetus for future research on its sustainable applications.