Applications of MOF derivatives based on heterogeneous element doping in the field of electrochemical energy storage

To fulfill the growing energy demands, electrochemical energy storage (EES) technologies have played a pivotal role in the field of renewable energy storage and power supply. Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials have attracted great attention due to their unique porous structure and associated multifunctional properties. During the processing of MOF materials to obtain the corresponding derivative materials, heterogeneous elements are introduced as mediators and influence the structure and properties of the final obtained materials. This review focuses recent research progress in the field of EES based on heterogeneous elements doped MOF derivatives (H-MOFs), and proposes the heterogeneous element doping and design synthesis strategies in the construction of H-MOFs. The application of H-MOFs in alkali metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, supercapacitors, and other devices were systematically summarized, and the mechanism of its performance enhancement was analyzed. Finally, the current status, possible deficiencies and unresolved issues are pointed out, and future research directions and contents are discussed.