基于幼虫形态的白垩纪鞘翅目(Ripiphoridae)之间的关系,以及相同的繁殖时间和选择的产卵微生境的证据

J. Batelka, Michael Weingardt, Bernhard L. Bock, Rolf G. Beutel
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摘要

据报道,从一块白垩纪克钦琥珀中发现了五只Ripiphoridae(昆虫纲:鞘翅目)的初生幼虫标本。它们代表了两种形态:一种为锥头虫,另一种属于 Ripidiini 科(有四件标本代表)。我们将锥头虫形态与已知的克钦、泰米尔和马尼托巴白垩纪琥珀中的类似幼虫进行了比较,并将 Ripidiini 的幼虫与其白垩纪、始新世和现存的近亲进行了比较。通过系统发育分析,对这两个类群的可能关系提出了工作假设。结果与最近的分子系统发育相一致,表明这里描述的幼虫分别属于 Ripidiini 或与之密切相关。为便于对克钦琥珀中的锥尾幼虫进行分类和系统研究,本文建议将这些幼虫统称为†"Ripilarva" nov.。描述了来自克钦琥珀的两个新种†"Ripilarva":和 †"R." kachinensiss.和†"Ripilarva" kachinensp.使用紫外线照相法进一步验证了这一结果,因为不同的幼虫形态出现在同一树脂流中。在俄罗斯、加拿大、美国和缅甸的白垩纪琥珀中,†"Ripilarva "nov.的幼虫成群出现,而†"Ripilarva "nov.的幼虫则单独出现,这可能是不同的产卵策略造成的,在同一地点产卵的数量不同。图表摘要
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Relationships of Cretaceous Ripiphoridae (Coleoptera) based on larval morphology, with evidence for the same reproduction timing and chosen microhabitat for oviposition
Five specimens of primary larvae of Ripiphoridae (Insecta: Coleoptera) are reported from one piece of Cretaceous Kachin amber. They represent two morphotypes: one conicocephalate and one belonging to the tribe Ripidiini (represented by four specimens). The conicocephalate morphotype is compared with similar larvae known from Kachin, Taimyr and Manitoba Cretaceous amber, and the larvae of Ripidiini are compared with their Cretaceous, Eocene and extant relatives. Phylogenetic analyses were performed to establish a working hypothesis about possible relationships of both lineages. The results, which conform with a recent molecular phylo­geny, indicate that the larvae described here belong to Ripidiini or are closely related, respectively. To allow taxonomic and systematic work with conicocephalate larvae from Kachin amber, a collective group name †“Ripilarva” nov. is proposed here to accommodate these immature stages. Both species of †“Ripilarva” nov. from Kachin amber are described: †“R.” parabolicasp. nov. and †“R.” kachinensissp. nov. Syninclusion of †“Ripilarva” kachinensissp. nov. and four larvae of a species of Ripidiini indicate that females of both ripiphorids chose the same time and microhabitat for oviposition in the Kachin Cretaceous forest. The results are further verified by the use of UV-photography, as the different larval morphotypes occurred in the same resin flow. The presence of larvae of Ripidiini in clusters contrary to the solitary occurrence of †“Ripilarva” nov. in Cretaceous amber of Russia, Canada, USA, and Myanmar is interpreted as a possible result of different oviposition strategies, with different numbers of eggs deposited at one spot. Graphical abstract
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