智力与性累犯风险评估:比较美国监禁样本的预测准确性。

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Perry A Callahan, Elizabeth L Jeglic, Cynthia Calkins
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引用次数: 0

摘要

虽然研究表明,智障(ID)和边缘智力功能(BIF)人士在因性犯罪而被监禁的人中所占比例过高,但有关这一人群风险评估的研究却很少,尤其是在美国被监禁的样本中。鉴于被视为高风险的人可能会被拒绝保释、被判处更严厉的刑罚或被民事监禁,这一空白令人担忧。本研究考察了 Static-99 和 Static-99R 以及 MnSOST-R 的预测有效性,前者依赖于历史预测因子,后者则包含一个动态子量表。研究人员利用档案记录对 1996 年至 2007 年间从新泽西州立监狱释放的 ID/BIF 患者(n = 459)和非 ID/BIF 患者(n = 459)进行了比较,平均随访时间为 5.7 年。所有三种工具都对无ID/BIF者具有良好的预测效力,而只有MnSOST-R对有ID/BIF者具有显著的AUC值。高风险群体中ID/BIF患者的再监禁率从0%到8%不等,与4%的总体再犯罪率基数相似。研究结果突出表明,有必要开展更多研究,以确定哪些风险因素应被考虑用于 ID/BIF 患者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Intellectual Ability and Sexual Recidivism Risk Assessment: Comparing Predictive Accuracy in an Incarcerated U.S. Sample.

While studies indicate that individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) are overrepresented among those incarcerated for sexual offenses, there is a paucity of research with respect to risk assessment for this population, particularly among incarcerated U.S. samples. This gap is concerning given that individuals perceived as high risk may be denied bail, given harsher sentences, or subject to civil confinement. The present study examined the predictive validity of the Static-99 and Static-99R, which rely on historical predictors, and the MnSOST-R, which includes a dynamic subscale. Archival records were used to compare individuals with (n = 459) and without (n = 459) ID/BIF released from New Jersey state prisons between 1996 and 2007, with an average follow-up period of 5.7 years. All three instruments demonstrated good predictive validity for those without ID/BIF, while only the MnSOST-R produced a significant AUC value for those with ID/BIF. Reincarceration rates for those with ID/BIF within high-risk groups ranged from 0% to 8%, similar to the overall recidivism base rate of 4%. Results highlight the need for additional research to determine which risk factors should be considered for those with ID/BIF.

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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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