全球视角下的猴痘天花疫苗:关于有效性、保护性、安全性和交叉免疫原性的综合元分析和系统回顾。

IF 8.4 2区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY
Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-16 DOI:10.1080/22221751.2024.2387442
Hao Liu, Wenjing Wang, Yang Zhang, Fuchun Wang, Junyi Duan, Tao Huang, Xiaojie Huang, Tong Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要 2022 年爆发了大规模的猴痘疫情,大多数人对正痘病毒缺乏免疫力。接种天花疫苗对于防止天花进一步爆发至关重要。本研究评估了天花疫苗预防猴痘感染的有效性、保护性、安全性和交叉免疫原性。我们检索了 PubMed、Embase、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中从开始到 2024 年 3 月 10 日的内容。我们纳入了涉及 "猴痘病毒 "和 "疫苗接种 "的研究,并排除了综述、动物研究以及数据缺失或重复的文章。最终分析共纳入了 37 项研究,参与人数达 57,693 人。有效性数据显示,接种天花疫苗组的猴痘感染率低于未接种组(风险比[RR]:0.46;95%置信区间[CI]:0.31-0.68)。保护数据显示,接种天花疫苗可有效降低严重猴痘感染的风险(RR:0.61;95% 置信区间:0.42-0.87)。与第一代疫苗相比,第三代疫苗的效力更高(RR:0.36,95% CI:0.22-0.56)。接种天花疫苗的剂量对猴痘没有明显影响。安全性数据显示,接种天花疫苗后的不良反应主要是轻微的,包括局部红斑、肿胀、压痕、瘙痒和疼痛。同时,我们发现接种天花疫苗可诱导产生针对猴痘的中和抗体。我们的研究结果为临床应用天花疫苗预防猴痘提供了有力的证据,并提倡在疫苗储备不足的情况下,高危人群应优先接种一剂天花疫苗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Global perspectives on smallpox vaccine against monkeypox: a comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review of effectiveness, protection, safety and cross-immunogenicity.

A large outbreak of monkeypox occurred in 2022, and most people lack immunity to orthopoxvirus. Smallpox vaccination is essential for preventing further smallpox outbreaks. This study evaluated the effectiveness, protection, safety, and cross-immunogenicity of smallpox vaccine in preventing monkeypox infection. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from database inception to 10 March 2024. We included studies involving "monkeypox virus" and "vaccinations", and excluded reviews, animal studies, and articles with missing or duplicate data. A total of 37 studies with 57,693 participants were included in the final analysis. The effectiveness data showed that monkeypox infection rates were lower in the smallpox-vaccinated group than in the unvaccinated group (risk ratio [RR]: 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31-0.68). The protection data showed that smallpox vaccination effectively reduced the risk of severe monkeypox infection (RR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.42-0.87). Third-generation vaccines showed greater efficacy (RR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.22-0.56) than first-generation vaccines. The number of doses of smallpox vaccine has no significant effect on monkeypox. Safety data showed that adverse reactions after smallpox vaccination were mainly mild and included local erythema, swelling, induration, itching, and pain. Meanwhile, we found that smallpox vaccination could induce the production of neutralizing antibodies against monkeypox. Our findings offer compelling evidence supporting the clinical application of the smallpox vaccine for preventing monkeypox and advocate that high-risk groups should be prioritized for receiving one dose of the smallpox vaccine if the vaccine stockpile is low.

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来源期刊
Emerging Microbes & Infections
Emerging Microbes & Infections IMMUNOLOGY-MICROBIOLOGY
CiteScore
26.20
自引率
2.30%
发文量
276
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: Emerging Microbes & Infections is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to publishing research at the intersection of emerging immunology and microbiology viruses. The journal's mission is to share information on microbes and infections, particularly those gaining significance in both biological and clinical realms due to increased pathogenic frequency. Emerging Microbes & Infections is committed to bridging the scientific gap between developed and developing countries. This journal addresses topics of critical biological and clinical importance, including but not limited to: - Epidemic surveillance - Clinical manifestations - Diagnosis and management - Cellular and molecular pathogenesis - Innate and acquired immune responses between emerging microbes and their hosts - Drug discovery - Vaccine development research Emerging Microbes & Infections invites submissions of original research articles, review articles, letters, and commentaries, fostering a platform for the dissemination of impactful research in the field.
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