Lattice boltzmann investigation of droplet interactions with non-uniform chemically patterned surfaces

In this study, we employed a non-orthogonal, three-dimensional, multi-relaxation-time pseudo-potential lattice Boltzmann method, and investigate the behaviors of droplets impacting chemically patterned surfaces. We considered two interfaces: a hydrophobic/neutral strip on a hydrophilic wall (surface A), and a hydrophilic strip on a hydrophobic wall (surface B). The dynamics of impact, including the evolution of the morphology and the droplet spreading factor, were investigated under the influence of the difference in wettability, Weber number (We), and strip width. An increase in the wettability difference of surface A delayed droplet detachment and reduced the amplitude of oscillations, where this can be attributed to the surface tension and viscous dissipation, which had more time to weaken the strength of the jet. The magnitude of droplet detachment time initially increased with We but eventually decreased. As We is further increased, the ratio of viscous loss to the initial kinetic energy of the droplet is decreased and resulted in a shorter detachment time. The unbalanced Young's force significantly affected the evolution of the droplet on surface B. The mass of the droplet accumulated near the borderline of the strip and expanded along the y-axis under the influence of the inertial force, where this led to a larger spreading factor along the y-axis. In addition, the mass of the droplet on the hydrophobic wall affected the strength of the unbalanced Young's force. As the strip width increased, the spreading factor initially increased but then decreased along the y-axis owing to the combined action of inertial forces.