创伤与辉煌:土耳其正义与发展党领导下的政治、叙事与记忆

Carlos Ortega Sánchez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文探讨了正义与发展党(AKP)政府将记忆用作政治工具的情况,强调了官方历史叙事对纪念特定历史创伤和辉煌的影响,以及对集体身份认同的影响。在过去的二十年里,土耳其经历了一场由正义与发展党统治下的文化变革。这一转变是通过重新评价伊斯兰-奥斯曼帝国的过去,同时与凯末尔世俗主义保持距离而实现的。在坚持伊斯兰教原则的同时,人民党通过受图尔古特-厄扎尔的新奥斯曼主义启发而提出的文化倡议来阐明其政治议程。为此,在一项以怀念奥斯曼帝国为基础的文化计划下开发了一系列叙事,同时对国家世俗范式的不同方面进行了审视。该计划通过纪念包括 1453 年征服君士坦丁堡在内的身份认同,以及建造博物馆、主题公园或清真寺等 "记忆遗址 "来实施。通过围绕这些选定的叙事建立 "记忆遗址",可以深入探讨政治意识形态如何与记忆交织在一起,从而推动土耳其文化和政治格局的持续变革。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Traumy i chwały: polityka, narracje i pamięć pod rządami Partii Sprawiedliwości i Rozwoju w Turcji
This paper examines the use of memory as a political tool by the Justice and Development Party (AKP) government, emphasising the impact of the official historical narrative on commemoration of selected historical traumas and glories, in addition to its influence on collective identity. Over the last two decades, Turkey has undergone a cultural transformation under the rule of the AKP. This transformation has taken place through reevaluation of the Islamic-Ottoman past while distancing itself from Kemalist secularism. Adhering to the principles of Islam, the AKP has articulated its political agenda through a cultural initiative inspired by Turgut Özal’s Neo-Ottomanism. To this end, a series of narratives was developed under a cultural programme based on nostalgia for the Ottoman while scrutinising different aspects of the country’s secular paradigm. The programme was carried out through the commemoration of identity, including the Conquest of Constantinople in 1453 as well as the construction of ‘sites of memory’, such as museums, theme parks or mosques. The establishment of ‘sites of memory’ around these selected narratives allows for an in-depth exploration of how political ideology intersects with memory, contributing to the ongoing transformation of Turkey’s cultural and political landscape.
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