{"title":"COVID-19 与静脉血栓栓塞之间的因果关系:孟德尔随机分析","authors":"Hui Wang, Sensen Wu, Dikang Pan, Wenzhuo Meng, Lefan Hu, Hanyu Zhang, Yachan Ning, Jianming Guo, Yongquan Gu","doi":"10.1177/02683555241266659","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Observational studies show the correlation between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk. However, the causal effects remain uncertain. We aimed to explore the potential causal association between COVID-19 and VTE using Mendelian randomization (MR) design. <b>Methods:</b> Two-sample MR was used to evaluate the potential causality between COVID-19 and VTE by selecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode were employed as supplementary methods for MR estimations, with the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method serving as the principal analysis. In addition, we took sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's test, MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), and leave-one-out analysis to ensure that we obtained stable and reliable results. <b>Results:</b> Our study selected 26 COVID-19 severity, 31 COVID-19 hospitalization, and 13 COVID-19 susceptibility SNPs as instrumental variables. The IVW analysis results revealed that there was no causal relationship between COVID-19 severity, hospitalization, or susceptibility and VTE, with odds ratios of 0.974 (95%CI: 0.936-1.013, <i>p</i> = 0.19), 0.976 (95%CI: 0.918-1.039, <i>p</i> = 0.447), and 0.908 (95%CI: 0.775-1.065, <i>p</i> = 0.235), respectively. The IVW approach yielded consistent results with MR-Egger, Weighted Median simple mode, and weighted mode. MR-PRESSO and sensitivity analysis further confirmed the stability and consistency of the MR results. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study did not find evidence to support a causal relationship between COVID-19 and VTE at the genetic level. Further investigation is warranted to determine if the significant association reported in previous observational studies between the two is due to confounding factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":94350,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":" ","pages":"2683555241266659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Causal relationships between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism: A mendelian randomization analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Hui Wang, Sensen Wu, Dikang Pan, Wenzhuo Meng, Lefan Hu, Hanyu Zhang, Yachan Ning, Jianming Guo, Yongquan Gu\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/02683555241266659\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Observational studies show the correlation between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk. However, the causal effects remain uncertain. We aimed to explore the potential causal association between COVID-19 and VTE using Mendelian randomization (MR) design. <b>Methods:</b> Two-sample MR was used to evaluate the potential causality between COVID-19 and VTE by selecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode were employed as supplementary methods for MR estimations, with the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method serving as the principal analysis. In addition, we took sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's test, MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), and leave-one-out analysis to ensure that we obtained stable and reliable results. <b>Results:</b> Our study selected 26 COVID-19 severity, 31 COVID-19 hospitalization, and 13 COVID-19 susceptibility SNPs as instrumental variables. The IVW analysis results revealed that there was no causal relationship between COVID-19 severity, hospitalization, or susceptibility and VTE, with odds ratios of 0.974 (95%CI: 0.936-1.013, <i>p</i> = 0.19), 0.976 (95%CI: 0.918-1.039, <i>p</i> = 0.447), and 0.908 (95%CI: 0.775-1.065, <i>p</i> = 0.235), respectively. The IVW approach yielded consistent results with MR-Egger, Weighted Median simple mode, and weighted mode. MR-PRESSO and sensitivity analysis further confirmed the stability and consistency of the MR results. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study did not find evidence to support a causal relationship between COVID-19 and VTE at the genetic level. Further investigation is warranted to determine if the significant association reported in previous observational studies between the two is due to confounding factors.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":94350,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Phlebology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"2683555241266659\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Phlebology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555241266659\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Phlebology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555241266659","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Causal relationships between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism: A mendelian randomization analysis.
Objective: Observational studies show the correlation between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk. However, the causal effects remain uncertain. We aimed to explore the potential causal association between COVID-19 and VTE using Mendelian randomization (MR) design. Methods: Two-sample MR was used to evaluate the potential causality between COVID-19 and VTE by selecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode were employed as supplementary methods for MR estimations, with the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method serving as the principal analysis. In addition, we took sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's test, MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), and leave-one-out analysis to ensure that we obtained stable and reliable results. Results: Our study selected 26 COVID-19 severity, 31 COVID-19 hospitalization, and 13 COVID-19 susceptibility SNPs as instrumental variables. The IVW analysis results revealed that there was no causal relationship between COVID-19 severity, hospitalization, or susceptibility and VTE, with odds ratios of 0.974 (95%CI: 0.936-1.013, p = 0.19), 0.976 (95%CI: 0.918-1.039, p = 0.447), and 0.908 (95%CI: 0.775-1.065, p = 0.235), respectively. The IVW approach yielded consistent results with MR-Egger, Weighted Median simple mode, and weighted mode. MR-PRESSO and sensitivity analysis further confirmed the stability and consistency of the MR results. Conclusions: This study did not find evidence to support a causal relationship between COVID-19 and VTE at the genetic level. Further investigation is warranted to determine if the significant association reported in previous observational studies between the two is due to confounding factors.