Directed Hydrothermal Synthesis of Aluminosilicates of Various Structural Types and Prospects for Their Use in Medicine

Abstract

The results of analysis and experimental studies of the possibilities of using synthetic aluminosilicates (montmorillonites, kaolinites, and zeolites) in medicine are presented. In particular, the following application fields are discussed: the field of enterosorption and hemosorption, the development of targeted drug delivery systems with prolonged and pH-controlled release of the active substance in various environments, as well as components of wound dressings. Montmorillonites, aluminosilicates of the kaolinite subgroup with different particle morphologies and zeolites of structural types Beta, Rho, and Y have been obtained under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by physicochemical methods. The results of studying the adsorption and desorption of model drugs (thiamine hydrochloride, and 5-fluorouracil) from porous aluminosilicate matrices of various chemical compositions in various media simulating body environments, adsorption of markers of endogenous intoxication (methylene blue), the ability of aluminosilicates to biodegrade in body environments, and studies of biological activity, in particular cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity of synthetic aluminosilicates, are presented. The results obtained show significant prospects for the use of synthetic aluminosilicates to obtain non-toxic, highly effective sorbents for medical use and drug carriers.