奔萨市和奔萨州青少年 15 年来的形态特征变化

O. V. Kalmin, D. A. Lukyanenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在确定公共卫生水平的框架内,确定各地区人口的身体发育情况非常方便,而根据国家发展的不同时期,跟踪进入生育期的青少年身体健康的变化也非常重要。本研究旨在确定奔萨市和奔萨州 15 年来青少年形态特征的显著变化。材料和方法研究对象为 492 名出生并长期居住在奔萨市和奔萨地区居民点的 16 至 21 岁男女青少年,按出生年份分为两组(第一组--1986-1990 年出生,第二组--1999-2004 年出生)。采用 V.V. 布纳克(V.V. Bunak)的方法进行了人体测量和体格测量,随后对统计指标进行了比较分析。为了对两组儿童的身体发育水平进行比较评估并确定其显著差异,采用了以下指标方法:体重、罗勒尔、埃里斯曼、皮涅特、里斯-埃森克、坦纳。结果与讨论根据研究结果得出的结论是,1999-2004 年出生的奔萨居民与前辈相比,所研究的绝对人体测量参数显著增加,手和胫骨长度同时缩短。在该地区的现代青年代表中,与 1986--1990 年出生的群体相比,患有中畸形的人数增加了 2.2 倍,超重人数增加了 1.5 倍,胸部狭窄人数增加了 1.3倍,身体发育程度低、过度紧张型(根据里斯-艾森克指数的计算结果)的人数增加了1.2倍,与此同时,正常紧张型的人数增加了1.1倍(根据皮涅特指数的计算结果)。结论对比分析表明,奔萨地区青少年自闭症患者的体质在 15 年间发生了重大变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Changes in the morphological profile of adolescents in Penza and Penza region over 15 years
Determining the physical development of the population of the regions is quite convenient within the framework of identifying the level of public health, while it is very important to track changes in the physical health of adolescents entering the reproductive phase of life, depending on the periods of development of the country. The aim of this study was to identify significant changes in the morphological profile of adolescents in Penza and Penza region over 15 years. Material and methods. The object of the study were 492 people of both sexes, 16 to 21 years of age, born and permanently residing in Penza and settlements of Penza region, divided into two groups according to the year of birth (group 1 – born in 1986–1990, 2 group – born in 1999–2004). Anthropometry and somatometry were carried out by the method of V.V. Bunak with subsequent comparative analysis of statistical indicators. For a comparative assessment of the level of physical development and identification of significant differences between the two groups, the following index methods were used: body mass, Rohrer, Erisman, Pignet, Rees-Eysenck, Tanner. Results and discussion. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that Penza residents of 1999–2004 birth, compared with predecessors, there was a significant increase in the studied absolute anthropometric parameters with a simultaneous shortening of the hand and shin length. Among the representatives of the modern youth of the region, when compared with the group of 1986– 1990 birth, the number of people with mesomorphy increased by 2.2 times, the number of people with overweight – by 1.5 times, the number of individuals with a narrow chest – by 1.3 times, the number of cases of a low degree of physical development, hypersthenic type (according to the results of calculating the Rees-Eysenck index) – by 1.2 times, at the same time the number of normosthenics increased by 1.1 times (according to the results of calculating the Pignet index). Conclusions. Comparative analysis showed significant changes in the constitution of the autochthons of Penza region of adolescents over 15 years.
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