和牛与布里亚特牛基因组选择特征扫描揭示适应性表型和生产性状的候选基因和遗传变异

Animals Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI:10.3390/ani14142059
A. Igoshin, G. Romashov, A. A. Yurchenko, N. Yudin, D. M. Larkin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

过去和正在进行的选择塑造了家畜品种的基因组。识别这些选择特征可以揭示受影响表型的遗传基础,包括具有重要经济意义的性状和环境适应性,从而进一步改进畜种遗传学,应对气候和经济挑战。都兰-蒙古牛是一组以适应极端环境条件和出色的生产性能而闻名的金牛品种。布里亚特都兰-蒙古牛是少数几个适应寒冷气候和贫瘠饲料的品种之一。而和牛则以高产和独特的顶级大理石花纹肉而闻名。我们使用了 hapFLK、多信号去相关复合(DCMS)、PBS 和 FST 方法,在它们的基因组中寻找选择信号。扫描结果显示,布里亚特品种中与寒冷适应性(如 STAT3、DOCK5、GSTM3 和 CXCL8)和食物消化率(SI)相关的基因,以及和牛中与生长发育性状(如 RBFOX2 和 SHOX2)和大理石纹(如 DGAT1、IQGAP2、RSRC1 和 DIP2B)相关的基因都出现了信号。在两个品种的基因组中都发现了几个与繁殖、免疫和抵抗病原体有关的假定选育基因。我们的研究成果可用于创造新的高产适应性品种或改良现有品种。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Scans for Signatures of Selection in Genomes of Wagyu and Buryat Cattle Breeds Reveal Candidate Genes and Genetic Variants for Adaptive Phenotypes and Production Traits
Past and ongoing selection shapes the genomes of livestock breeds. Identifying such signatures of selection allows for uncovering the genetic bases of affected phenotypes, including economically important traits and environmental adaptations, for the further improvement of breed genetics to respond to climate and economic challenges. Turano-Mongolian cattle are a group of taurine breeds known for their adaptation to extreme environmental conditions and outstanding production performance. Buryat Turano-Mongolian cattle are among the few breeds adapted to cold climates and poor forage. Wagyu, on the other hand, is famous for high productivity and unique top-quality marbled meat. We used hapFLK, the de-correlated composite of multiple signals (DCMS), PBS, and FST methods to search for signatures of selection in their genomes. The scans revealed signals in genes related to cold adaptation (e.g., STAT3, DOCK5, GSTM3, and CXCL8) and food digestibility (SI) in the Buryat breed, and growth and development traits (e.g., RBFOX2 and SHOX2) and marbling (e.g., DGAT1, IQGAP2, RSRC1, and DIP2B) in Wagyu. Several putatively selected genes associated with reproduction, immunity, and resistance to pathogens were found in both breed genomes. The results of our work could be used for creating new productive adapted breeds or improving the extant breeds.
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