Unlocking solid waste circularity in urban settings: Insights from upcoming town in Kenya

Emerging and developing urban economies experience significant waste management challenges due to increased consumption rates, and limited capacity to manage waste. However, these challenges offer opportunities for waste circularity to raise valuation and reduces the amount of solid waste in the dumpsite. This study assessed the existing solid waste management (SWM) systems along circular economy (CE) at businesses, residential, and learning institutions, identified existing opportunities for CE in SWM, and assessed residents' attitudes toward CE in SWM in Othaya, a rural upcoming town in central Kenya. This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. 32 households, 19 premises, and 2 Key Informants were interviewed. First, the study findings revealed that the current waste practices in Othaya exhibit limited circularity, primarily influenced by convenience and a predominant linear approach results in substantial waste accumulation at the Gikeu dumpsite. Second, efforts from individuals and the government were progressively aligned to reduce waste disposal and promote circularity; however, the application of waste circularity governance through legal frameworks and agencies remained minimal. Third, challenges to CE progress were tied to the lack of CE awareness, absence of incentives, monetary valuation for participation, and inadequate waste sorting infrastructure. This study recommends raising awareness of CE principles and benefits to both individuals and businesses, enhancing waste governance that fosters CE principles through effective legal measures, fostering collaboration among stakeholders, and introducing incentives to encourage active participation in waste circularity.