Wing Yan Jacqueline Tam , Omid Nekouei , Francesca Rizzo , Lok See Tiffany Cheng , Yan Ru Choi , Megan Staples , Stefan Hobi , Jane Gray , Fiona Woodhouse , Patricia Yi Man Shuen , Ying Fei Chai , Julia A. Beatty , Vanessa R. Barrs
{"title":"香港社区猫与私人饲养猫对钩端螺旋体属血清反应性的差异","authors":"Wing Yan Jacqueline Tam , Omid Nekouei , Francesca Rizzo , Lok See Tiffany Cheng , Yan Ru Choi , Megan Staples , Stefan Hobi , Jane Gray , Fiona Woodhouse , Patricia Yi Man Shuen , Ying Fei Chai , Julia A. Beatty , Vanessa R. Barrs","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100851","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease of major One Health significance and public health impact globally, with a wide host range including mammals, cetaceans and herpetofauna. This study aimed to determine <em>Leptospira</em> seroprevalence, risk factors for seroreactivity and prevalence of urinary <em>Leptospira</em> shedding among domestic cats in Hong Kong.</p><p>Microagglutination testing of 22 <em>Leptospira</em> serovars from 20 serogroups was performed on 738 sera from outdoor free-roaming “community” cats (<em>n</em> = 391) and privately-owned (<em>n</em> = 347) cats. Urine from 268 community cats was tested for pathogenic <em>Leptospira</em> DNA by qPCR targeting <em>lipL32</em>. Potential risk factors associated with exposure were assessed using logistic regression.</p><p>Overall <em>Leptospira</em> seroprevalence was 9.35%. Of 14 serogroups detected, Javanica (4.3%), Djasiman (2.3%) and Australis (1.5%) were most common. Seroreactivity was significantly higher among community (13.3%) than privately-owned cats (4.9%; OR 2.98 [95% CI 1.68–5.25], <em>P</em> < 0.001), especially to Javanica (7.65% of community cats versus 0.58% of privately-owned cats (<em>P</em> < 0.001). Antibody titres to all serogroups ranged from 1:100 to 1:6400 (median 1:200) and were highest for Javanica (median 1:800).</p><p><em>Leptospira</em> DNA was detected in urine from 12/268 community cats (4.48%; median load 6.42 × 10<sup>2</sup> copies/mL urine; range 1.40 × 10<sup>1</sup>–9.63 × 10<sup>4</sup>). One in three seroreactive community cats with paired urine and blood samples had leptospiruria. After adjusting for source, none of breed, sex, neuter status, age, district rodent infestation rate, serum alanine transaminase or creatinine values were associated with seroreactivity.</p><p>Cats in Hong Kong are exposed to a diversity of <em>Leptospira</em> serogroups and can shed <em>Leptospira</em> silently in urine. The higher seroprevalence among outdoor free-roaming community cats highlights the importance of environmental drivers in leptospirosis transmission and risks of exposure for sympatric human populations. Gloves should be worn when handling feline urine to minimise the risk of zoonotic transmission from subclinically infected cats.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100851"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771424001770/pdfft?md5=fa2eaf6a38c03d917fcec7573038d676&pid=1-s2.0-S2352771424001770-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Seroreactivity against Leptospira spp. differs between community cats and privately-owned cats in Hong Kong\",\"authors\":\"Wing Yan Jacqueline Tam , Omid Nekouei , Francesca Rizzo , Lok See Tiffany Cheng , Yan Ru Choi , Megan Staples , Stefan Hobi , Jane Gray , Fiona Woodhouse , Patricia Yi Man Shuen , Ying Fei Chai , Julia A. Beatty , Vanessa R. 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Of 14 serogroups detected, Javanica (4.3%), Djasiman (2.3%) and Australis (1.5%) were most common. Seroreactivity was significantly higher among community (13.3%) than privately-owned cats (4.9%; OR 2.98 [95% CI 1.68–5.25], <em>P</em> < 0.001), especially to Javanica (7.65% of community cats versus 0.58% of privately-owned cats (<em>P</em> < 0.001). Antibody titres to all serogroups ranged from 1:100 to 1:6400 (median 1:200) and were highest for Javanica (median 1:800).</p><p><em>Leptospira</em> DNA was detected in urine from 12/268 community cats (4.48%; median load 6.42 × 10<sup>2</sup> copies/mL urine; range 1.40 × 10<sup>1</sup>–9.63 × 10<sup>4</sup>). One in three seroreactive community cats with paired urine and blood samples had leptospiruria. 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Seroreactivity against Leptospira spp. differs between community cats and privately-owned cats in Hong Kong
Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease of major One Health significance and public health impact globally, with a wide host range including mammals, cetaceans and herpetofauna. This study aimed to determine Leptospira seroprevalence, risk factors for seroreactivity and prevalence of urinary Leptospira shedding among domestic cats in Hong Kong.
Microagglutination testing of 22 Leptospira serovars from 20 serogroups was performed on 738 sera from outdoor free-roaming “community” cats (n = 391) and privately-owned (n = 347) cats. Urine from 268 community cats was tested for pathogenic Leptospira DNA by qPCR targeting lipL32. Potential risk factors associated with exposure were assessed using logistic regression.
Overall Leptospira seroprevalence was 9.35%. Of 14 serogroups detected, Javanica (4.3%), Djasiman (2.3%) and Australis (1.5%) were most common. Seroreactivity was significantly higher among community (13.3%) than privately-owned cats (4.9%; OR 2.98 [95% CI 1.68–5.25], P < 0.001), especially to Javanica (7.65% of community cats versus 0.58% of privately-owned cats (P < 0.001). Antibody titres to all serogroups ranged from 1:100 to 1:6400 (median 1:200) and were highest for Javanica (median 1:800).
Leptospira DNA was detected in urine from 12/268 community cats (4.48%; median load 6.42 × 102 copies/mL urine; range 1.40 × 101–9.63 × 104). One in three seroreactive community cats with paired urine and blood samples had leptospiruria. After adjusting for source, none of breed, sex, neuter status, age, district rodent infestation rate, serum alanine transaminase or creatinine values were associated with seroreactivity.
Cats in Hong Kong are exposed to a diversity of Leptospira serogroups and can shed Leptospira silently in urine. The higher seroprevalence among outdoor free-roaming community cats highlights the importance of environmental drivers in leptospirosis transmission and risks of exposure for sympatric human populations. Gloves should be worn when handling feline urine to minimise the risk of zoonotic transmission from subclinically infected cats.
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One Health - a Gold Open Access journal.
The mission of One Health is to provide a platform for rapid communication of high quality scientific knowledge on inter- and intra-species pathogen transmission, bringing together leading experts in virology, bacteriology, parasitology, mycology, vectors and vector-borne diseases, tropical health, veterinary sciences, pathology, immunology, food safety, mathematical modelling, epidemiology, public health research and emergency preparedness. As a Gold Open Access journal, a fee is payable on acceptance of the paper. Please see the Guide for Authors for more information.
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