{"title":"1970 年前后厄尔尼诺现象发生地点的变化","authors":"Xiao Pan, Tim Li, Jinhua Yu","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00709-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"A shift of El Niño onset location from eastern Pacific (EP) to western Pacific (WP) occurred around 1970. It was accompanied by a faster mean sea surface temperature (SST) warming in WP and a change of precursory SST and wind anomaly patterns. The eigenvalue analysis of a simple coupled model shows that an SST anomaly (SSTA) in WP may grow under the post-1970 mean condition but cannot under the pre-1970 mean condition. As a result, a warm SSTA appeared in WP accompanying to a preceding La Niña condition in EP after 1970, whereas such a warming was rarely seen before 1970. The preceding SSTA patterns led to distinctive zonal wind responses in EP, favoring El Niño onset in EP prior to 1970. For the post-1970 El Niño onset, an initial warming in WP was induced by anomalous downward solar radiation in association with atmospheric meridional overturning circulation or anomalous horizontal advection associated with thermocline induced eastward geostrophic currents.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00709-y.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Change of El Niño onset location around 1970\",\"authors\":\"Xiao Pan, Tim Li, Jinhua Yu\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41612-024-00709-y\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"A shift of El Niño onset location from eastern Pacific (EP) to western Pacific (WP) occurred around 1970. It was accompanied by a faster mean sea surface temperature (SST) warming in WP and a change of precursory SST and wind anomaly patterns. The eigenvalue analysis of a simple coupled model shows that an SST anomaly (SSTA) in WP may grow under the post-1970 mean condition but cannot under the pre-1970 mean condition. As a result, a warm SSTA appeared in WP accompanying to a preceding La Niña condition in EP after 1970, whereas such a warming was rarely seen before 1970. The preceding SSTA patterns led to distinctive zonal wind responses in EP, favoring El Niño onset in EP prior to 1970. For the post-1970 El Niño onset, an initial warming in WP was induced by anomalous downward solar radiation in association with atmospheric meridional overturning circulation or anomalous horizontal advection associated with thermocline induced eastward geostrophic currents.\",\"PeriodicalId\":19438,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":8.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00709-y.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00709-y\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00709-y","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
A shift of El Niño onset location from eastern Pacific (EP) to western Pacific (WP) occurred around 1970. It was accompanied by a faster mean sea surface temperature (SST) warming in WP and a change of precursory SST and wind anomaly patterns. The eigenvalue analysis of a simple coupled model shows that an SST anomaly (SSTA) in WP may grow under the post-1970 mean condition but cannot under the pre-1970 mean condition. As a result, a warm SSTA appeared in WP accompanying to a preceding La Niña condition in EP after 1970, whereas such a warming was rarely seen before 1970. The preceding SSTA patterns led to distinctive zonal wind responses in EP, favoring El Niño onset in EP prior to 1970. For the post-1970 El Niño onset, an initial warming in WP was induced by anomalous downward solar radiation in association with atmospheric meridional overturning circulation or anomalous horizontal advection associated with thermocline induced eastward geostrophic currents.
期刊介绍:
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science is an open-access journal encompassing the relevant physical, chemical, and biological aspects of atmospheric and climate science. The journal places particular emphasis on regional studies that unveil new insights into specific localities, including examinations of local atmospheric composition, such as aerosols.
The range of topics covered by the journal includes climate dynamics, climate variability, weather and climate prediction, climate change, ocean dynamics, weather extremes, air pollution, atmospheric chemistry (including aerosols), the hydrological cycle, and atmosphere–ocean and atmosphere–land interactions. The journal welcomes studies employing a diverse array of methods, including numerical and statistical modeling, the development and application of in situ observational techniques, remote sensing, and the development or evaluation of new reanalyses.