Supporting children and adolescents developing in adversity: a scoping review of resilience-promoting interventions from a socioecological perspective

Socioecological model is crucial for the planning of resilience-promoting interventions. This article provides an overview of interventions based on family, school, community, and multiple systems that support the positive adaptation of individuals and families. More than half of studies employed a randomized controlled trial. Socioeconomic disadvantage and parent–child separation were the most commonly addressed environmental adversities. Interventions delivered in all three social contexts enhanced resilience through cultivating psychosocial skills of children and/or adults. Research across various interventions has shown improvements in resilience, resilience-promoting factors, and internalizing as well as externalizing problems. Relatively fewer studies were found for community-based and cross-system interventions. A co-ordinated effort that integrates school, family, and community is essential for promoting resilience among young people facing adversities.