{"title":"春小麦对锈病和白粉病多态抗性的表型和分子鉴定","authors":"Ibrahim S. Draz, Samar M. Esmail, Doaa A. Komeil","doi":"10.1007/s10681-024-03362-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>An attempt was undertaken to comprehend how phenotypic markers, leaf tip necrosis (LTN), and pseudo black chaff (PBC), are associated with pleiotropic resistance genes in wheat (<i>Triticum</i> spp.). Pleiotropic resistance to stripe rust (<i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>), leaf rust (<i>P. triticina</i>), stem rust (<i>P. graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>) and powdery mildew (<i>Blumeria graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>) was evaluated in 57 Egyptian spring wheat cultivars at seedling stage in greenhouse and at adult plant stage in field during 2021/22 and 2022/23. At seedling stage, pleiotropic resistance rated moderately resistance (MR) was observed in five cultivars, Misr-3 (all three rusts), Misr-4 (stripe rust, leaf rust, powdery mildew), Giza-168 (leaf rust, stem rust, powdery mildew), Sakha-94 and Sids-13 (leaf rust, stem rust). At adult plant stage, Misr-4 outperformed all other evaluated cultivars, exhibiting a high level of pleiotropic adult plant resistance (PAPR) against all diseases investigated. High levels of PAPR were also noticed against the three rusts in nine cultivars, Misr-3, Sakha-93, Sakha-94, Sakha-95, Giza-156, Giza-168, Giza-171, Gemmeiza-10 and Sids-13, and moderate levels against powdery mildew in Misr-3, Sakha-95, Giza-156. Four PAPR genes were characterized in cultivars based on phenotypic and molecular markers. Phenotypic markers (LTN and PBC) were observed in 23 cultivars. Molecular marker <i>csLV34</i> indicated the presence of <i>Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Ltn1</i> in six cultivars, whilst marker <i>Xwmc44</i> indicated that <i>Lr46/Yr29/Sr58/Pm39/Ltn2</i> was present in five cultivars. Marker <i>Xcfd71</i> indicated the presence of <i>Lr67/Yr46/Sr55/Pm46/Ltn3</i> in 19 cultivars. Gene <i>Sr2/Yr30/Lr27/Pbc</i> was identified with marker <i>csSr2</i> in three cultivars. A complete association between LTN and molecular markers was recorded, while a strong association (<i>r</i> = 0.73) was recorded between PBC and molecular markers. Findings demonstrated the reliability of phenotypic markers in predicting pleiotropic resistance in wheat, which would facilitate marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11803,"journal":{"name":"Euphytica","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Phenotypic and molecular characterization of pleiotropic resistance to rusts and powdery mildew in spring wheat\",\"authors\":\"Ibrahim S. Draz, Samar M. Esmail, Doaa A. Komeil\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10681-024-03362-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>An attempt was undertaken to comprehend how phenotypic markers, leaf tip necrosis (LTN), and pseudo black chaff (PBC), are associated with pleiotropic resistance genes in wheat (<i>Triticum</i> spp.). Pleiotropic resistance to stripe rust (<i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>), leaf rust (<i>P. triticina</i>), stem rust (<i>P. graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>) and powdery mildew (<i>Blumeria graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>) was evaluated in 57 Egyptian spring wheat cultivars at seedling stage in greenhouse and at adult plant stage in field during 2021/22 and 2022/23. At seedling stage, pleiotropic resistance rated moderately resistance (MR) was observed in five cultivars, Misr-3 (all three rusts), Misr-4 (stripe rust, leaf rust, powdery mildew), Giza-168 (leaf rust, stem rust, powdery mildew), Sakha-94 and Sids-13 (leaf rust, stem rust). At adult plant stage, Misr-4 outperformed all other evaluated cultivars, exhibiting a high level of pleiotropic adult plant resistance (PAPR) against all diseases investigated. High levels of PAPR were also noticed against the three rusts in nine cultivars, Misr-3, Sakha-93, Sakha-94, Sakha-95, Giza-156, Giza-168, Giza-171, Gemmeiza-10 and Sids-13, and moderate levels against powdery mildew in Misr-3, Sakha-95, Giza-156. Four PAPR genes were characterized in cultivars based on phenotypic and molecular markers. Phenotypic markers (LTN and PBC) were observed in 23 cultivars. Molecular marker <i>csLV34</i> indicated the presence of <i>Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Ltn1</i> in six cultivars, whilst marker <i>Xwmc44</i> indicated that <i>Lr46/Yr29/Sr58/Pm39/Ltn2</i> was present in five cultivars. Marker <i>Xcfd71</i> indicated the presence of <i>Lr67/Yr46/Sr55/Pm46/Ltn3</i> in 19 cultivars. Gene <i>Sr2/Yr30/Lr27/Pbc</i> was identified with marker <i>csSr2</i> in three cultivars. A complete association between LTN and molecular markers was recorded, while a strong association (<i>r</i> = 0.73) was recorded between PBC and molecular markers. Findings demonstrated the reliability of phenotypic markers in predicting pleiotropic resistance in wheat, which would facilitate marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11803,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Euphytica\",\"volume\":\"64 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Euphytica\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-024-03362-x\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"AGRONOMY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Euphytica","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-024-03362-x","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of pleiotropic resistance to rusts and powdery mildew in spring wheat
An attempt was undertaken to comprehend how phenotypic markers, leaf tip necrosis (LTN), and pseudo black chaff (PBC), are associated with pleiotropic resistance genes in wheat (Triticum spp.). Pleiotropic resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), leaf rust (P. triticina), stem rust (P. graminis f. sp. tritici) and powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) was evaluated in 57 Egyptian spring wheat cultivars at seedling stage in greenhouse and at adult plant stage in field during 2021/22 and 2022/23. At seedling stage, pleiotropic resistance rated moderately resistance (MR) was observed in five cultivars, Misr-3 (all three rusts), Misr-4 (stripe rust, leaf rust, powdery mildew), Giza-168 (leaf rust, stem rust, powdery mildew), Sakha-94 and Sids-13 (leaf rust, stem rust). At adult plant stage, Misr-4 outperformed all other evaluated cultivars, exhibiting a high level of pleiotropic adult plant resistance (PAPR) against all diseases investigated. High levels of PAPR were also noticed against the three rusts in nine cultivars, Misr-3, Sakha-93, Sakha-94, Sakha-95, Giza-156, Giza-168, Giza-171, Gemmeiza-10 and Sids-13, and moderate levels against powdery mildew in Misr-3, Sakha-95, Giza-156. Four PAPR genes were characterized in cultivars based on phenotypic and molecular markers. Phenotypic markers (LTN and PBC) were observed in 23 cultivars. Molecular marker csLV34 indicated the presence of Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Ltn1 in six cultivars, whilst marker Xwmc44 indicated that Lr46/Yr29/Sr58/Pm39/Ltn2 was present in five cultivars. Marker Xcfd71 indicated the presence of Lr67/Yr46/Sr55/Pm46/Ltn3 in 19 cultivars. Gene Sr2/Yr30/Lr27/Pbc was identified with marker csSr2 in three cultivars. A complete association between LTN and molecular markers was recorded, while a strong association (r = 0.73) was recorded between PBC and molecular markers. Findings demonstrated the reliability of phenotypic markers in predicting pleiotropic resistance in wheat, which would facilitate marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.
期刊介绍：
Euphytica is an international journal on theoretical and applied aspects of plant breeding. It publishes critical reviews and papers on the results of original research related to plant breeding.
The integration of modern and traditional plant breeding is a growing field of research using transgenic crop plants and/or marker assisted breeding in combination with traditional breeding tools. The content should cover the interests of researchers directly or indirectly involved in plant breeding, at universities, breeding institutes, seed industries, plant biotech companies and industries using plant raw materials, and promote stability, adaptability and sustainability in agriculture and agro-industries.
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