人类胎儿的辅助胸肌。

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY
Nicol Zielinska, Marta Pośnik, Krzysztof Koptas, George Triantafyllou, Janusz Moryś, Łukasz Olewnik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:胸前壁肌肉通常由胸大肌和胸小肌组成。从胚胎学上讲,这两块肌肉起源于共同的胸肌块;因此,正常发育和分化的中断可能会导致异常或附属肌肉的产生。本研究的主要目的是对人类胎儿胸肌区的附属肌肉进行展示和分类:研究对象为 50 个自然流产的人类胎儿(25 男 25 女,100 侧),死亡时妊娠期为 18-38 周,用 10% 福尔马林溶液固定。经父母同意后,胎儿被捐赠给医科大学解剖学项目。研究人员评估了胸大肌和胸小肌的形态、胸区可能存在的附属肌肉及其形态、起源和插入部位,以及形态计量学细节:结果:所有胎儿(100 例)均有双侧胸大肌和胸小肌。在 16 个病例(16%)中发现了胸肌区的附属肌肉,并区分出四种类型。胸大肌(Pectoralis Quartus)是本研究中最常见的附属肌类型,有 8 例。腋弓肌出现在 3 个病例中。有 3 例观察到软骨肌。胸骨肌有 2 例,其中 1 例为分叉肌:结论:胸廓部位存在大量形态变异,这些变异不仅出现在成年人群中,也出现在人类胎儿中。在本研究中,胸大肌是最常见的变异。胸骨肌、软骨肌、胸大肌或腋弓肌等附属结构可能具有临床意义,了解这些结构对临床医生,尤其是整形外科医生、胸外科医生和矫形外科医生非常有用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Accessory thoracic muscles in human fetuses.

Background: Typically, the anterior thoracic wall musculature is composed of the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor. Embryologically, these two muscles are originated from a common pectoral muscle mass; therefore, disruption of the normal development and differentiation could give rise to an aberrant or accessory muscle. The main aim of this study is to demonstrate and classify the accessory muscles of the pectoralis region in human fetuses.

Material and methods: Fifty spontaneously aborted human fetuses (25 male and 25 female, 100 sides) aged 18-38 weeks of gestation at death, and fixed in 10% formalin solution were examined. Following parental approval, the fetuses were donated to the Medical University anatomy program. The pectoralis major and minor muscle's morphology, the possible occurrence of accessory muscles of pectoral region and its morphology, their origins, and insertions, as well as the morphometric details, were assessed.

Results: The pectoralis major and minor were bilaterally found in all fetuses (100 cases). The accessory muscles of pectoral region were found in 16 cases (16%), and four types were differentiated. The Pectoralis Quartus muscle was the most common type of accessory muscles found in this study and occurred in 8 cases. The axillary arch muscle was observed in 3 cases. The chondrocoracoideus muscle was observed in 3 cases. The sternalis muscle occurred in 2 cases, and one of them was bifurcated.

Conclusions: The thoracic region is characterized by a large amount of morphological variations, which are observed not only in adult population, but also among human fetuses. The pectoralis quartus was the most frequent variation in this study. Accessory structures like sternalis muscle, chondrocoracoideus muscle, pectoralis quartus muscle, or axillary arch muscle may have clinical implications, and knowledge about them is very useful for clinicians, especially plastic surgeons, thoracic surgeons, and orthopedics.

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来源期刊
Folia morphologica
Folia morphologica ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY-
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
218
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: "Folia Morphologica" is an official journal of the Polish Anatomical Society (a Constituent Member of European Federation for Experimental Morphology - EFEM). It contains original articles and reviews on morphology in the broadest sense (descriptive, experimental, and methodological). Papers dealing with practical application of morphological research to clinical problems may also be considered. Full-length papers as well as short research notes can be submitted. Descriptive papers dealing with non-mammals, cannot be accepted for publication with some exception.
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