Potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks of elements of health concern bioaccumulated in seafood from local fish rafts in Trang province, Thailand

Marine ecosystems are increasingly contaminated by pollutants from human activities which could impact seafood quality. This study investigated the levels of six potentially toxic elements of health concern including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb). Analyses of those elements were conducted in eleven commercially available seafood species collected from local fish rafts in Trang province, Thailand. The findings revealed variations of element of health concern content among species, with H. raphidea exhibiting significantly high levels. Human health risks were assessed for estimated daily intake and non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks. The results indicate potential risks associated with As consumption, especially in the case of H. raphidea. Children (3.0–5.9 years) had the greatest vulnerable risks in comparison to other age groups. The levels of elements of health concern in most seafood samples were within safe limits. However, the continuous surveillance, monitoring, and management of these contaminants in seafood are needed, particularly in vulnerable populations.