Perovskite quantum dots: What’s next?

Zero-dimensional metal halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) display distinct chemical, physical, electrical, and optical properties compared to their bulk counterparts. These unique characteristics make PQDs highly promising materials for a broad range of applications spanning solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs), to lasers and quantum technologies. Despite the recent advances, the translations of PQDs into commercially viable materials are hindered by several drawbacks; for example, an unclear understanding of their formation mechanism(s), the complex chemistry and dynamic instabilities at the PQDs surface, and the inefficient or unbalanced charge transportation in PQDs-based devices. In this review, we present an in-depth analysis of the current progress and challenges in the field of PQDs and their applications. Additionally, we offer insights into potential future research directions in this exciting area of study.