转录因子家族的基因多态性及其对头胎母牛产奶量的影响

I. Tkachenko, K. Fairushina, A. Kleshcheva
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摘要

目的:本研究调查了转录激活剂基因的多态性及其对奶牛生产性状的影响。在乌拉尔地区首次开展了牛的 STAT1 和 STAT5A 基因多态性测定及其与奶牛生产性能关系的研究。等位基因多态性是通过КASP方法--К竞争性等位基因特异性PCR测定的。对92头奶牛的STAT1基因位点进行了基因分型,确定了三种基因变异体--STAT1СС(69.5 %)、STAT1СТ(27.2 %)和STAT1ТТ(3.3 %)。在第一个泌乳期,STAT1СС基因型奶牛的生产率为:产奶量 8379 千克,乳脂率 4.18 %,乳蛋白率 3.23 %。STAT1СТ 基因型个体的产奶量为 8045 千克,乳脂率为 4.17 %,乳蛋白率为 3.23 %。基因型为 STAT1ТТ 的个体产奶量为 7855 千克,MF 为 4.16 %,MP 为 3.18 %。STAT1CC 基因型奶牛的产奶量比其他组的同类奶牛高出 334-524 千克。通过 STAT5A 基因位点确定了 90 头奶牛的基因型。STAT5ACT基因型在所研究的牲畜中很普遍(51.1%),STAT5AСС基因型出现的频率为25.6%,STAT5ATT基因型出现的频率为23.3%。STAT5ACC 基因型奶牛的生产率为:产奶量 8376 千克牛奶,脂肪含量 4.19 %,蛋白质含量 3.21 %。STAT5ATT 和 STAT5ACT 组的头胎母牛产奶量低 83-142 千克,脂肪含量低 0.02-0.03 %。研究结果表明,STAT1 基因在作为荷斯坦牛高产奶标记方面具有优势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Gene polymorphism of the family of transcription factors and their influence on the milk productivity of the first heifers
Purpose: this study investigated the polymorphism of transcription activators genes and their effects on milk production traits.Materials and methods. The first time in the Ural region, studies were carried out to determine the polymorphism of cattle in the STAT1 and STAT5A genes and the study of their associations with dairy productivity. Allele polymorphism was determined by the КASP method – Кompetitive Allele Specific PCR.Results. 92 cows were genotyped for the STAT1 gene locus, three genovariants were identified – STAT1СС (69,5 %), STAT1СТ (27,2 %) и STAT1ТТ (3,3 %). In the first lactation, the productivity of cows with the STAT1СС genotype was: milk yield 8379 kg, milk fat content 4.18 %, milk protein content 3.23 %. The individuals with STAT1СТ genotype had milk yield 8045 kg, MF 4.17 %, MP 3.23 %. And the individuals with genotype STAT1ТТ had milk yield 7855 kg, MF 4.16 %, MP 3.18 %. The advantage of cows with the STAT1CC genotype was 334-524 kg of milk compared to analogues from other groups. The genotypes of 90 cows were determined by the locus of the STAT5A gene. The STAT5ACT genotype is widespread among the studied livestock (51.1 %), the STAT5AСС genotype occurs with a frequency of 25.6 %, STAT5ATT genotype – with a frequency of 23.3 %. The productivity of cows with the STAT5ACC genotype was: milk yield of 8376 kg of milk, fat content of 4.19 %, protein content of 3.21%. The milk yield of the first heifers in the STAT5ATT and STAT5ACT groups is lower by 83–142 kg, the fat content is lower by 0.02–0.03 %. According to the results of the study, the STAT1 gene has an advantage for use as markers of high dairy productivity of Holstein cattle.
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