A Comprehensive Study on the Agronomic and Technological Responses of Different Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) Varieties at Diverse Sowing Times

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of different sowing times and different varieties of German chamomilla (Matricaria recutita L.) on agronomic and technological characteristics. The study was conducted in experimental fields of the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture in Adnan Menderes University. Two different tetraploid Matricaria recutita L. (Bodegold and Zloty Lan) cultivars were used for this study. Zloty Lan was provided by Germany and Bodegold was provided from Atatürk Central Horticultural Research Institute. The trial was conducted according to a split plot experimental design with 4 block. Factors consist of 5 sowing times as main plots (1 October, 15 October, 1 November, 15 November, 1 December) and 2 genotypes as subplots (Bodegold and Zloty Lan). The effect of sowing times and genotypes was found statistically significant on fresh flower yield. The highest flower yield was found 61.61 kg da-1 . The average values for plant height ranged from 45.43 to 55.20 cm, flower diameter ranged from 25.24 to 27.53 mm, biomass ranged from 130 to 332.3 kg da-1, fresh flower yield ranged from 19.74 to 61.61 kg da-1 , drug herb ranged from 35.5 to 73.5 kg da-1 , drug flower ranged from 7.4 to 13.3 kg da-1 , essential oil content ranged from 0.025% to 0.083% and essential oil yield ranged from 0.020 to 0.090 l da-1. The primary constituents of essential oil have been discovered as bisabolol oxide a and bisabolene oxide.