青少年女子柔道运动员体重减轻影响其发展的证据

Ena Yoshida, Harumi Hayashida, Tomonobu Sakurai, Kenzo Kawasaki
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引用次数: 0

摘要

轻率地控制青少年运动员的体重有可能给他们的终身健康带来重大风险。在柔道这项重量级运动中,即使在青少年运动员中也普遍存在赛前减重的现象,但有关现状的资料却很少,尤其是对女运动员而言,在生长期提供充足的营养和提高骨量对她们来说非常重要,而现状的具体情况却不清楚。因此,本研究的目的是确定青少年女子柔道运动员在生长期的实际体重减轻情况及其对其健康的影响。受试者需要通过在线问卷回答自己的体重、身高、减肥经历、月经、比赛成绩和其他生活方式等问题。51.8%的受试者在初中时期(12-15 岁)曾因参加比赛而减肥。在第二性征期间经历过减肥的受试者目前的身高明显矮于没有经历过减肥的受试者(P < 0.05)。第二性征期间体重减轻并不影响当前的月经周期。这些研究结果表明,在生长高峰期减肥可能会对正常发育产生不利影响。这些研究结果表明,在生长高峰期减肥可能会对正常发育产生不利影响,同时也表明,在初中阶段减肥可能不是取得更好竞赛成绩的策略。这些观察结果表明,有必要对参加重量级比赛的青少年运动员进行适当选级和体重控制方面的教育。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evidence of weight loss in junior female judo athletes affects their development
The facile manipulation of body weight in junior athletes has the potential to pose significant risks to their lifelong health. In judo, which is a weight class sport, pre-competition weight loss is widespread even among juniors, but information on the current situation is scarce, especially for female athletes, for whom it is important to provide adequate nutrition and enhance bone mass during the growth period, and the details of the current situation are not clear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the actual weight loss during the growth period in junior female judo athletes and its subsequent impact on their health.The survey was a cross-sectional survey of junior female judo athletes in Japan using a questionnaire. Participants were asked to respond via an online questionnaire about their weight, height, weight loss experience, menstruation, competition results, and other lifestyle.51.8% of subjects experienced weight loss for competition during their junior high school years (ages 12–15). Those who experienced weight loss during secondary sexual characteristics were found to be significantly shorter in current height than those who did not (p < 0.05). Weight loss during secondary sexual characteristics did not affect current menstrual cycle. There was no significant difference in competition results due to the experience of weight loss during junior high school (χ2 = 4.485, df = 3, n.s.).These findings suggest that weight loss during the growth spurt phase may adversely impact normal development. It also suggested that weight loss during the junior high school years may not be a strategy to bring about better competition results. These observations indicate the need for education on appropriate class selection and weight control for junior athletes in weight class competitions.
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