{"title":"DNA 损伤时的核极组织和核糖体 DNA 稳定性","authors":"Stavroula Boukoura, Dorthe Helena Larsen","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102380","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Eukaryotic nuclei are structured into sub-compartments orchestrating various cellular functions. The nucleolus is the largest nuclear organelle: a biomolecular condensate with an architecture composed of immiscible fluids facilitating ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus forms upon the transcription of the repetitive ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) that cluster in this compartment. rDNA is intrinsically unstable and prone to rearrangements and copy number variation. Upon DNA damage, a specialized nucleolar-DNA Damage Response (n-DDR) is activated: nucleolar transcription is inhibited, the architecture is rearranged, and rDNA is relocated to the nucleolar periphery. Recent data have highlighted how the composition of nucleoli, its structure, chemical and physical properties, contribute to rDNA stability. In this mini-review we focus on recent data that start to reveal how nucleolar composition and the n-DDR work together to ensure rDNA integrity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Nucleolar organization and ribosomal DNA stability in response to DNA damage\",\"authors\":\"Stavroula Boukoura, Dorthe Helena Larsen\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102380\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Eukaryotic nuclei are structured into sub-compartments orchestrating various cellular functions. The nucleolus is the largest nuclear organelle: a biomolecular condensate with an architecture composed of immiscible fluids facilitating ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus forms upon the transcription of the repetitive ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) that cluster in this compartment. rDNA is intrinsically unstable and prone to rearrangements and copy number variation. Upon DNA damage, a specialized nucleolar-DNA Damage Response (n-DDR) is activated: nucleolar transcription is inhibited, the architecture is rearranged, and rDNA is relocated to the nucleolar periphery. Recent data have highlighted how the composition of nucleoli, its structure, chemical and physical properties, contribute to rDNA stability. In this mini-review we focus on recent data that start to reveal how nucleolar composition and the n-DDR work together to ensure rDNA integrity.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50608,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Current Opinion in Cell Biology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Current Opinion in Cell Biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000590\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CELL BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000590","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CELL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Nucleolar organization and ribosomal DNA stability in response to DNA damage
Eukaryotic nuclei are structured into sub-compartments orchestrating various cellular functions. The nucleolus is the largest nuclear organelle: a biomolecular condensate with an architecture composed of immiscible fluids facilitating ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus forms upon the transcription of the repetitive ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) that cluster in this compartment. rDNA is intrinsically unstable and prone to rearrangements and copy number variation. Upon DNA damage, a specialized nucleolar-DNA Damage Response (n-DDR) is activated: nucleolar transcription is inhibited, the architecture is rearranged, and rDNA is relocated to the nucleolar periphery. Recent data have highlighted how the composition of nucleoli, its structure, chemical and physical properties, contribute to rDNA stability. In this mini-review we focus on recent data that start to reveal how nucleolar composition and the n-DDR work together to ensure rDNA integrity.
期刊介绍:
Current Opinion in Cell Biology (COCEBI) is a highly respected journal that specializes in publishing authoritative, comprehensive, and systematic reviews in the field of cell biology. The journal's primary aim is to provide a clear and readable synthesis of the latest advances in cell biology, helping specialists stay current with the rapidly evolving field. Expert authors contribute to the journal by annotating and highlighting the most significant papers from the extensive body of research published annually, offering valuable insights and saving time for readers by distilling key findings.
COCEBI is part of the Current Opinion and Research (CO+RE) suite of journals, which leverages the legacy of editorial excellence, high impact, and global reach to ensure that the journal is a widely read resource integral to scientists' workflow. It is published by Elsevier, a publisher known for its commitment to excellence in scientific publishing and the communication of reproducible biomedical research aimed at improving human health. The journal's content is designed to be an invaluable resource for a diverse audience, including researchers, lecturers, teachers, professionals, policymakers, and students.