[Syphilis in surgery-Safe diagnosis and correct treatment].

Background: The incidence of syphilis has clearly increased in Germany in recent years. This infectious disease has many forms of manifestation and can imitate surgical diseases.

Material and methods: Comprehensive footage of experiences in a proctological center demonstrates these manifestations and explains the correct management.

Results: The likelihood of confusion of syphilis with anal fissures, anogenital warts, proctitis and rectal cancer is high.

Conclusion: Surgeons can encounter syphilis, the "chameleon of medicine" and must know the differential diagnoses.