铁路封闭带来的外部效应:障碍效应分析

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION
Alejandro Tirachini , Francisca Inostroza , Rodrigo Mora , Daniela Cuevas , Diego Fuchser
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在本文中,我们采用定性与定量相结合的方法,分析了在智利圣地亚哥居民区铁路上取消所有地面行人过街通道所造成的障碍效应的多个方面,这也是新的郊区铁路服务的一部分。在对广泛的利益相关者进行一系列访谈后,我们对时间延误和行人的额外不适进行了定量分析,因为我们测量了由于必须在人行天桥和地下通道过马路而对步行距离和时间造成的横向和纵向绕行。我们发现:(i) 新的郊区铁路服务在大都市范围内促进了社会包容(提高了可达性),而在更大的地方范围内,由于障碍效应,则造成了社会排斥;(ii) 铁路的封闭性对需要穿越铁路的行人产生了强烈的负面影响,增加了他们的步行时间,恶化了他们对安全和舒适的感知;(iii) 地下通道和天桥平均增加了穿越铁路所需时间的两倍到四倍、(iv) 考虑到天桥和地下通道增加的体力负担和不安全性,加权步行时间比地面过 路增加达十倍,(v) 妇女、老人和携带重型行李的行人受步行时间增加的影响更大。用于分析大型交通项目的传统方法应评估障碍效应对当地社区的负面影响,以及旨在减少当地隔离的缓解措施,特别是在弱势社区。这项研究的结果有助于量化此类缓解措施的社会价值,尤其是在高度不平等的城市环境中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Externalities from the confinement of a railway: Analysis of the barrier effect

In this paper, we present a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach to analyse the multiple dimensions of the barrier effect caused by the removal of all at-level pedestrian crossings on a railway in a residential area of Santiago, Chile, as part of a new suburban rail service. A set of interviews with a wide range of stakeholders is followed by a quantitative analysis of time delays and extra discomfort for pedestrians, as we measure both the horizontal and vertical detours on walking distance and time, due to having to cross on pedestrian overpasses and underpasses. We find that (i) the new suburban rail service is a source of social inclusion on a metropolitan scale (accessibility gains) and of social exclusion on a more local scale, due to a barrier effect (ii) the confinement of the railway produces strong negative impacts on pedestrians that need to cross the railway, by increasing walking times and by worsening their perception of security and comfort (iii) underpasses and overpasses increase between twofold and fourfold the time needed to cross the railway on average, relative to the case of at-level crossings, (iv) taking into account the increased physical burden and insecurity perceived on overpasses and underpasses, weighted walking times increase up to ten times relative to at-level crossing, and (v) women, elderly people and pedestrians with heavy luggage are more affected by the increased walking time. Traditional methods employed to analyse large-scale transport projects should assess the negative implications of the barrier effect on local communities, as well as the relief measures designed to reduce local segregation, especially in vulnerable communities. The results of this study are useful to quantify the social value of such relief measures, particularly in highly unequal urban settings.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
12.00%
发文量
222
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