The Constant and the Variable in Arabic Calligraphy within Contemporary Arabic Lettering Composition

The present study examines the consistency and variability of Arabic script in the development of modern Arabic script, as well as the Arabic script's significant role in our daily lives as a visual language of communication between ancient and modern human communities. As a result, it became essential to describe its current applications in terms of both language and art, as well as its constants and variables. The Qur'an, letters, flags, certificates, and other writings were written in Arabic calligraphy by calligraphers who followed in the footsteps of the great calligraphers who established the principles and conventions for many calligraphic styles after the Islamic era. It is also used to cover the exterior of shrines and mosques. works of religion, mosques and Islamic building designs. Arab letter artists underwent a shift and evolution in their usage of the Arabic letter in their creative paintings following the shift to the current era. The letter's shape was distorted and it was drawn in various configurations and shapes since they drew it outside of its original context and guidelines